Pore water conditions driving calcium carbonate dissolution in reef sands

Kessler, Adam J.; Rogers, Angus; Cyronak, Tyler; Bourke, Michael; Hasler-Sheetal, Harald; Glud, Ronnie N.; Greening, Chris; Meysman, Filip J. R.; Eyre, Bradley D.; Cook, Perran

doi:10.1016/j.gca.2020.04.001

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 76 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Indeed, a negative correlation between the dissolution of CaCO 3 in reef sediments and the daily average Ω arag was found in a study on five different reefs, which predicted that the net dissolution of coral reefs will appear before the end of century (Eyre et al., 2018). A similar correlation between CaCO 3 dissolution in porewater and Ω arag was observed recently in a benthic chamber study (Kessler et al., 2020); the study concluded that net dissolution in reefs will start when sea water Ω arag < 3. We argue however that CaCO 3 dissolution in reef sediments is a small portion of the overall reef community dissolution.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Higher Nighttime Rates of CaCO₃ Dissolution in the Nature Reserve Reef, Eilat, Israel in 2015–2016 Compared to 2000–2002

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Open ocean measurements over the past few decades have shown that surface water pH has been decreasing at an average rate of ca. −0.002 pH units•yr −1 (e.g., Bates et al., 2014). Concomitantly, saturation levels (Ω) of CaCO 3 minerals (aragonite and calcite) are also decreasing at a corresponding rate of ca. −0.008 units yr −1 (e.g., Bates et al., 2014). Reef-building corals have been shown to secrete their CaCO 3 skeletons at a rate that is positively related to seawater pH or Ω arag , and therefore decreasing with OA (e.g., Andersson & Gledhill, 2013 and references therein), where aragonite is the primary CaCO 3 mineral precipitated by hermatypic corals (e.g., Drake et al., 2020 and references therein). These relations have also been shown to occur at coral reef ecosystem scales based on direct observations (e.g., Erez

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Higher Nighttime Rates of CaCO₃ Dissolution in the Nature Reserve Reef, Eilat, Israel in 2015–2016 Compared to 2000–2002

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In fact, there are about 10,000 times more microbes in the surface sediments of coral reefs than in the seawater around them (Koren and Rosenberg 2006). Reef sediment microorganisms can affect the budget of sedimentary calcium carbonate by xing and producing carbon dioxide (Kessler, et al 2020). They are also directly involved in the recycling and utilization of nutrients such as carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur in the sediments (Glasl, et al 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metagenomic Views of Microbial Communities in Sand Sediments Associated with Coral Reefs

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Reef sediments, the home for microbes with high abundances, provide an important source of carbonates and nutrients for the growth and maintenance of coral reefs. However, there is a lack of systematic research on the composition of microbial community in sediments of different coral reef sites and the effect of microbial functional capabilities on the coral reef ecosystem. In combination of biogeochemical measurements and metagenomics, we assessed microbial community compositions and functional diversity, as well as pro les of antibiotic resistance genes in surface sediments of 16 coral reef sites from the Xisha islands in the South China Sea. Reef sediment microbiomes are diverse and novel at lower taxonomic ranks, dominated by Proteobacteria and Planctomycetota. Most reef sediment bacteria potentially participate in biogeochemical cycling via oxidizing various organic and inorganic compounds as energy sources. High abundances of Proteobacteria (mostly Rhizobiales and Woeseiales) are metabolically exible and contain rhodopsin genes. Various classes of antibiotic resistance genes, hosted by diverse bacterial lineages, were identi ed to confer resistance to multidrug, aminoglycoside, and other antibiotics. Overall, by establishing a compressive microbial genome database, our ndings expanded the understanding of reef sediment microbial ecology and provided insights for their link to the coral reef ecosystem health.

show abstract

“…The bulk seawater Ω Aragonite was well above 1 (2.59-3.61) when dissolution was observed. The fact that dissolution processes are taking place in this supersaturated seawater may be another indication that microenvironments within the reef matrix are playing an important role in the calcification and dissolution pathways observed in the dead coral substrate, similar to what happens in reef sediments (Kessler et al 2020). In these microenvironments, microbial remineralization of organic matter may produce dissolution due to CO 2 production, even when the overlying seawater is supersaturated with respect to carbonate minerals (Andersson and Gledhill 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Unexpected role of communities colonizing dead coral substrate in the calcification of coral reefs

Orte

Koweek

Cyronak

et al. 2021

Limnology & Oceanography

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Global and local anthropogenic stressors such as climate change, acidification, overfishing, and pollution are expected to shift the benthic community composition of coral reefs from dominance by calcifying organisms to dominance by non-calcifying algae. These changes could reduce the ability of coral reef ecosystems to maintain positive net calcium carbonate accretion. However, relationships between community composition and calcification rates remain unclear. We performed field experiments to quantify the metabolic rates of the two most dominant coral reef substrate types, live coral and dead coral substrate colonized by a mixed algal assemblage, using a novel underwater respirometer. Our results revealed that calcification rates in the daytime were similar for the live coral and dead coral substrate communities. However, in the dark, while live corals continued to calcify at slower rates, the dead coral substrate communities exhibited carbonate dissolution. Daytime net photosynthesis of the dead coral substrate communities was up to five times as much as for live corals, which we hypothesize may have created favorable conditions for the precipitation of carbonate minerals. We conclude that: (1) calcification from dead coral substrate communities can contribute to coral reef community calcification during the day, and (2) dead coral substrate communities can also contribute to carbonate mineral dissolution at night, decreasing ecosystem calcification over a diel cycle. This provides evidence that reefs could shift from slow, long-term accretion of calcium carbonate to a state where large daily cycling of calcium carbonate occurs, but with little or no long-term accumulation of the carbonate minerals needed to sustain the reef against erosional forces.

show abstract

Pore water conditions driving calcium carbonate dissolution in reef sands

Cited by 14 publications

References 76 publications

Higher Nighttime Rates of CaCO₃ Dissolution in the Nature Reserve Reef, Eilat, Israel in 2015–2016 Compared to 2000–2002

Higher Nighttime Rates of CaCO₃ Dissolution in the Nature Reserve Reef, Eilat, Israel in 2015–2016 Compared to 2000–2002

Metagenomic Views of Microbial Communities in Sand Sediments Associated with Coral Reefs

Unexpected role of communities colonizing dead coral substrate in the calcification of coral reefs

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Pore water conditions driving calcium carbonate dissolution in reef sands

Cited by 14 publications

References 76 publications

Higher Nighttime Rates of CaCO3 Dissolution in the Nature Reserve Reef, Eilat, Israel in 2015–2016 Compared to 2000–2002

Higher Nighttime Rates of CaCO3 Dissolution in the Nature Reserve Reef, Eilat, Israel in 2015–2016 Compared to 2000–2002

Metagenomic Views of Microbial Communities in Sand Sediments Associated with Coral Reefs

Unexpected role of communities colonizing dead coral substrate in the calcification of coral reefs

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Higher Nighttime Rates of CaCO₃ Dissolution in the Nature Reserve Reef, Eilat, Israel in 2015–2016 Compared to 2000–2002

Higher Nighttime Rates of CaCO₃ Dissolution in the Nature Reserve Reef, Eilat, Israel in 2015–2016 Compared to 2000–2002