Porin from<i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>Induces Apoptosis in an Epithelial Cell Line Derived from Rat Seminal Vesicles

Buommino, Elisabetta; Morelli, Francesco; Metafora, Salvatore; Rossano, Fabio; Perfetto, Brunella; Baroni, Adone; Tufano, Maria Antonietta

doi:10.1128/iai.67.9.4794-4800.1999

Cited by 56 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Thus, OmpA of E. coli contributes to serum resistance (Weiser and Gotschlich, 1991), invasion of endothelial cells (Prasadarao et al ., 1996) and maturation of dendritic cells (Jeannin et al ., 2000). OmpC of Salmonella typhimurium is thought to be involved in attachment to macro‐phages (Negm and Pistole, 1999), the major outer membrane porin of Neisseria gonorrhoeae , PorB, is capable of translocating into host cell membranes and modulating phagosome maturation (Mosleh et al ., 1998), and a porin from Pseudomonas aeruginosa can induce apoptosis in an epithelial cell line (Buommino et al ., 1999). Thus, in addition to their role in permeability, these proteins may have other functions in host–pathogen interactions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The functions of OmpATb, a pore‐forming protein of Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Raynaud¹,

Papavinasasundaram²,

Speight³

et al. 2002

Molecular Microbiology

108

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SummaryThe functions of OmpATb, the product of the ompATb gene of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and a putative porin, were investigated by studying a mutant with a targeted deletion of the gene, and by observing expression of the gene in wild-type M. tuberculosis H37Rv by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunoblotting. The loss of ompATb had no effect on growth under normal conditions, but caused a major reduction in ability to grow at reduced pH. The gene was substantially upregulated in wild-type bacteria exposed to these conditions. The mutant was impaired in its ability to grow in macrophages and in normal mice, although it was as virulent as the wild type in mice that lack T cells. Deletion of the ompATb gene reduced permeability to several small watersoluble substances. This was particularly evident at pH 5.5; at this pH, uptake of serine was minimal, suggesting that, at this pH, OmpATb might be the only functioning porin. These data indicate that OmpATb has two functions: as a pore-forming protein with properties of a porin, and in enabling M. tuberculosis to respond to reduced environmental pH. It is not known whether this second function is related to the porin-like activity at low pH or involves a completely separate role for OmpATB. The involvement with pH is likely to contribute to the ability of M. tuberculosis to overcome host defence mechanisms and grow in a mammalian host.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The functions of OmpATb, a pore‐forming protein of Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Raynaud¹,

Papavinasasundaram²,

Speight³

et al. 2002

Molecular Microbiology

108

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“…The host cell damage from severe infections by gram-negative bacteria comes mainly from exotoxins and enterotoxins, even though the occurrence of LPS and porins in the bacterial microenvironments also contributes significantly (1,14,36). However, only few studies other than Salmonella demonstrate the role of OMPs in inducing apoptosis (6,26,44). In this study we have shown that S. typhi and its acid stress protein kill murine macrophages through the induction of apoptosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…Depending upon the pathogen, host cell apoptosis can be detrimental or beneficial to pathogenesis. For example, relevance of apoptosis in host defense against Pseudomonas aeruginosa has been demonstrated (6). Salmonella, however, has been reported to initiate apoptosis as a virulence strategy (4).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Macrophage Cell Death Due to Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi and Its Acid Stress Protein Has Features of Apoptosis

Chander

Majumdar

Sapru

et al. 2005

Microbiology and Immunology

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Salmonella spp. have been shown to cause apoptosis of various host cell types as a part of their infection process. However, the induction of apoptosis remains to be looked into under the different host environments including acidic stress experienced by the pathogen. In order to simulate the in vivo acidic conditions, we studied the potential of S. typhi and its protein expressed under in vitro acidic conditions to induce apoptosis in macrophages. Murine macrophages were isolated and interacted with serovar Typhi and its acid stress protein for different time periods. The assessment of nucleosomal DNA, and nuclear staining with H-33342 dye and flow cytometry indicated the occurrence of characteristic features of apoptosis. Analysis of data revealed that S. typhi caused apoptotic cell death in 61% of macrophages whereas stress-induced protein alone accounted for apoptotic cell death in 45% of macrophages. The present study, for the first time demonstrates the potential of stress-induced outermembrane component of S. typhi to induce apoptosis. Identification of such factors may offer new insights for understanding the pathophysiology of the disease during the host-pathogen interactions.

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“…Depending upon the pathogen, host cell apoptosis can be detrimental or beneficial to the pathogen. For example, the relevance of apoptosis by Pseudomonas aeruginosa has been demonstrated in favour of host defence [9]. Salmonella, however, has been reported to initiate apoptosis as a virulence strategy [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactive nitrogen intermediates and monokines induce caspase-3 mediated macrophage apoptosis by anaerobically stressed Salmonella typhi

Chanana

Ray

Rishi³

et al. 2007

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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SummaryA successful pathogen manipulates its host for its own benefit. After ingestion, on reaching the intestine Salmonella encounters the resident tissue macrophages. Rather than being destroyed by these professional phagocytes after internalization, Salmonella survives intracellularly. Invasive Salmonella has been reported to induce apoptosis of macrophages as a part of its infection process, which may allow it to avoid detection by the innate immune system. However, the induction of apoptosis under different host environments, including the anaerobic stress encountered by the pathogen in the gut, remains to be examined. The present study is aimed at investigating the apoptotic potential of S. enterica serovar Typhi (S. typhi) grown under anaerobic conditions simulating the in vivo situation encountered by the pathogen. Apoptotic cell death was determined by assessment of nucleosomal DNA and flow cytometric analysis. Evaluation of the data revealed that anaerobically grown S. typhi could induce apoptosis in significantly more number of macrophages compared to the bacterial cells grown under aerobic conditions. A significantly enhanced generation of reactive nitrogen intermediates and caspase-3 activity during macrophage apoptosis induced by anaerobic S. typhi correlated with the increased generation of tumour necrosis factor-a, interleukin (IL)-1a and IL-6. The results indicate that reactive nitrogen intermediates and monokines induce caspase-3 mediated apoptosis of macrophages by S. typhi under anaerobic conditions. These findings may be relevant for clearer understanding of the Salmonella-macrophage interactions and may be of clinical importance in the development of preventive intervention against the infection.

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Porin fromPseudomonas aeruginosaInduces Apoptosis in an Epithelial Cell Line Derived from Rat Seminal Vesicles

Cited by 56 publications

References 47 publications

The functions of OmpATb, a pore‐forming protein of Mycobacterium tuberculosis

The functions of OmpATb, a pore‐forming protein of Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Macrophage Cell Death Due to Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi and Its Acid Stress Protein Has Features of Apoptosis

Reactive nitrogen intermediates and monokines induce caspase-3 mediated macrophage apoptosis by anaerobically stressed Salmonella typhi

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