Porosity and Microstructure Iron-Based Graded Materials Sintered by Spark Plasma Sintering and the Conventional Method

Zarębski, K.; Putyra, Piotr; Mierzwiński, Dariusz

doi:10.3390/met9020264

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 16 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…However, SPS/FAST methods also have some limitations. They are associated with the size and shape of the products, and the uniformity of the temperature field in the sample volume, as well as the occurrence of stresses when cooled too quickly [ 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Analysis of Erosive Wear Resistance of WC-Co Carbides Obtained by Spark Plasma Sintering Method

et al. 2021

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WC-Co (tungsten carbide-cobalt) composites are widely used in industry, wear-resistant parts, and cutting tools. As successful tool materials, WC-Co carbides are widely applied in metal cutting, wear applications, chipless forming, stoneworking, wood, and plastic working. These materials are exposed to severe solid particle erosion by sand particles, such as in the wood industry. During the production of furniture with HDF (High Density Fibreboard), MDF (Medium Density Fibreboard), or OSB (Oriented Strand Board), there are observed problems with tool erosion. Contamination, mainly of the HDF by sand, is quite often, which is why all tools used for the machining of such materials are exposed to erosion by sand particles. Although many studies have been performed on the erosion of various metals, and erosion models exist to predict their erosion behavior, the issue is still relevant. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of grain size (submicron, ultrafine) and the manufacturing technology (SPS—Spark Plasma Sintering, conventional) used on the erosive properties of WC-Co sintered carbides. Sinters produced by the SPS method with different sizes of WC grains and commercial samples were used for the tests. Ten two-hour cycles were carried out under medium conditions of quartz sand and quartz sand with 10% SiC added. Used samples were characterised using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and roughness was determined. Furthermore, erosion studies allowed individuating a wear mechanism as well as the possibility to foresee cutting performance in prospective application.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Analysis of Erosive Wear Resistance of WC-Co Carbides Obtained by Spark Plasma Sintering Method

et al. 2021

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Sintered 316L/Cu/h-BN composites

Chusong

Kansuwan

Khosakul

et al. 2021

IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng.

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Sintered 316L/h-BN composites show high potential as self-lubricating materials, which can be applied as moving parts where lube oils and greases are not applicable and inaccessible for maintenance. The past production of such composites by sintering, faced two problems. Firstly - interaction between 316L matrix and h-BN resulting in loss of h-BN content and its lubricity. And secondly - poor 316L matrix integrity. This work employed two approaches to solve such problems. The first approach was the use of nitrogen-containing atmosphere for sintering, to retard 316L matrix and h-BN interaction. And the second approach, was copper addition to promote sintering of 316L powder particles. Sintered self-lubricating 316L/Cu/h-BN composites were produced from mixtures of 3 different 316L/Cu matrices (made by additions of 2.0, 4.0 and 6.0 wt.% copper powder to 316L powder) and 15 vol.% of h-BN powder. Green compacts of powder mixtures were sintered under cracked ammonia (75 vol.% hydrogen + 25 vol. % nitrogen) at 1300°C for 60 minutes. The sintered composites were cooled in a Linn high temperature sintering furnace. It was found that copper additions led to the decrease of densities of sintered 316L/Cu/h-BN composites, compared to that of sintered 316L/h-BN composite, due to porosity left behind by copper powder melting and dissolution. Tensile strengths of sintered 316L/Cu/h-BN composites were improved when copper contents were 4 and 6 wt.%. There was no intergranular phase, the evidence of 316L matrix and h-BN interaction in all experimental sintered composites. Microstructural observation by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also revealed that h-BN flakes still existed in pores of sintered composites. The unreacted h-BN flakes are expected to provide lubricity of sintered composites.

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Porosity and Microstructure Iron-Based Graded Materials Sintered by Spark Plasma Sintering and the Conventional Method

Cited by 2 publications

References 16 publications

The Analysis of Erosive Wear Resistance of WC-Co Carbides Obtained by Spark Plasma Sintering Method

The Analysis of Erosive Wear Resistance of WC-Co Carbides Obtained by Spark Plasma Sintering Method

Sintered 316L/Cu/h-BN composites

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