Porosity Depth Saturation (PDS) model: Quantification of porosity preservation with burial in carbonate oil reservoirs, and application to infer oil charging time

Perrin, Christian; Marquez, Xiomara; Flores, Jonatan; Berthereau, G.

doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2020.104515

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…However, the compaction of deep carbonate reservoirs using burial results in low interconnectivity and porosity (Morad et al, 2018;Perrin et al, 2020). High-quality reservoirs with low permeability and porosity that produce commercial hydrocarbon flow may be subject to the development of secondary porosity and fractures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Factor Evaluation of Deep Karst Dolomite Reservoir Based on Paleogeomorphological Reconstruction, a Case Study From the 4th Member of the Dengying Formation in the Central Sichuan Basin, China

Zhou

Wang²,

Yang³

et al. 2022

Front. Earth Sci.

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The evaluation of reservoirs is of great importance in exploration practices, and reservoir distribution is dependent on multiple geological factors. The carbonate platform of the fourth member (Z2dn4) of the Dengying Formation (Z2dn) in the Gaoshiti-Moxi area (GMA) was uplifted above sea level during episode II of the Tongwan movement and underwent prolonged karstification by meteoric freshwater in the terminal Sinian, leading to a strong heterogeneity in reservoirs. Paleogeomorphology reflects hydraulic gradients that can affect the intensities of surface karstification and may be approximated by terrain slope gradients. Karst products (especially solution vugs and caverns) exist prevailingly in the Z2dn4; their development mirrors the extents of internal dissolution. Based on paleogeomorphological reconstruction using the elevation method, the slope angles of single boreholes were calculated through the digital elevation model (DEM). In accordance with single-borewell Fullbore Formation MicroImager (FMI) logging data, four electrofacies (host rock, vug, fracture, and cave) were identified in boreholes possessing FMI data. The identified electrofacies were matched with corresponding conventional logging curves to obtain the training data. A model generalized for other boreholes without FMI data was established with the random forest algorithm and the thicknesses of the four electrofacies in each borehole were determined to characterize the extent of karstification. Slope gradients and electrofacies thicknesses, together with multiple physical parameters of reservoirs in boreholes, were utilized for factor analysis. Four factors were obtained and fused into one comprehensive score based on their ratios of variance proportions. The favorability of reservoirs was described by the comprehensive scores of each borehole. These analyses showed that the most advantageous reservoirs are distributed in the vicinity of the platform margin in the west of the GMA, where they enjoy several benefits. Deposition of porous mound-shoal complexes occurs predominantly in the platform margin where large-scale caves are more developed in the mixing karst zone of seawater and freshwater. Meanwhile, the transmeridional lateral migration of hydrocarbons from the regional hydrocarbon-generating center abutting the west of the GMA contributes to earlier entrapment and accumulation in the mound-shoal complexes in the platform margin.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Factor Evaluation of Deep Karst Dolomite Reservoir Based on Paleogeomorphological Reconstruction, a Case Study From the 4th Member of the Dengying Formation in the Central Sichuan Basin, China

Zhou

Wang²,

Yang³

et al. 2022

Front. Earth Sci.

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“…Carbonate reservoirs are found in large conventional oil fields such as Saudi Arabia's Ghawar [5]. Despite their reputation, carbonate reservoirs are no more difficult to predict, interpret, or define than siliciclastic reservoirs [6,7]. The diverse nature of carbonate reservoirs complicates their growth, making it difficult to determine their quality, particularly at inter-well scales [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Porosity Classification and Quantification Scheme for Enhanced Carbonate Reservoir Quality: Implications from the Miocene Malaysian Carbonates

Janjuhah

Kontakiotis

Wahid

et al. 2021

JMSE

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The pore system in carbonates is complicated because of the associated biological and chemical activity. Secondary porosity, on the other hand, is the result of chemical reactions that occur during diagenetic processes. A thorough understanding of the carbonate pore system is essential to hydrocarbon prospecting. Porosity classification schemes are currently limited to accurately forecast the petrophysical parameters of different reservoirs with various origins and depositional environments. Although rock classification offers a way to describe lithofacies, it has no impact on the application of the poro-perm correlation. An outstanding example of pore complexity (both in terms of type and origin) may be found in the Central Luconia carbonate system (Malaysia), which has been altered by diagenetic processes. Using transmitted light microscopy, 32 high-resolution pictures were collected of each thin segment for quantitative examination. An FESEM picture and a petrographic study of thin sections were used to quantify the grains, matrix, cement, and macroporosity (pore types). Microporosity was determined by subtracting macroporosity from total porosity using a point-counting technique. Moldic porosity (macroporosity) was shown to be the predominant type of porosity in thin sections, whereas microporosity seems to account for 40 to 50% of the overall porosity. Carbonates from the Miocene have been shown to possess a substantial quantity of microporosity, making hydrocarbon estimate and production much more difficult. It might lead to a higher level of uncertainty in the estimation of hydrocarbon reserves if ignored. Existing porosity classifications cannot be used to better understand the poro-perm correlation because of the wide range of geological characteristics. However, by considering pore types and pore structures, which may be separated into macro- and microporosity, the classification can be enhanced. Microporosity identification and classification investigations have become a key problem in limestone reservoirs across the globe.

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Constraining fluid-rock interactions during eogenetic karst and their impacts on carbonate reservoirs: Insights from reactive transport modeling

Xiong

Hou

Tan

et al. 2021

Applied Geochemistry

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Porosity Depth Saturation (PDS) model: Quantification of porosity preservation with burial in carbonate oil reservoirs, and application to infer oil charging time

Cited by 7 publications

References 15 publications

Multi-Factor Evaluation of Deep Karst Dolomite Reservoir Based on Paleogeomorphological Reconstruction, a Case Study From the 4th Member of the Dengying Formation in the Central Sichuan Basin, China

Multi-Factor Evaluation of Deep Karst Dolomite Reservoir Based on Paleogeomorphological Reconstruction, a Case Study From the 4th Member of the Dengying Formation in the Central Sichuan Basin, China

Integrated Porosity Classification and Quantification Scheme for Enhanced Carbonate Reservoir Quality: Implications from the Miocene Malaysian Carbonates

Constraining fluid-rock interactions during eogenetic karst and their impacts on carbonate reservoirs: Insights from reactive transport modeling

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