Porous crosslinked Co3O4 nanoflakes synthesized at different pH media for electrochemically charge storage applications

Porous 3D columnar-sphere of NiO nanomaterials synthesized for supercapacitors via hydrothermal route: impact of thiourea concentration

“…Scherrer's relation was used to calculate the average crystallite size. 13 The calculated average crystallite size was evaluated as 13.12, 12.01, 11.83, 11.71, and 12.29 nm for TN 1 , TN 2 , TN 3 , TN 4 , and TN 5 , respectively. The observed crystal size decreases up to a thiourea concentration of 0.4 M, and then increases as the molarities of the thiourea solutions increase.…”

“…3. The band gap energy ( E g ) of the Th–NiO nanomaterial samples is estimated using the following Tauc relation: 13 ( αhν ) γ = A ( hν − E g )where α is the absorption coefficient, hν is the photon energy, and E g is the band gap. The Tauc plot of ( αhν ) 2 vs. energy ( hν ) in eV is shown in Fig.…”

“…Two peaks appeared at 44.781 and 50.771, indicating the SS substrate (#) peaks. 12,13 The XRD pattern reveals that the cubic structure has a lattice constant of 4.1680 Å, and the space group structure of NiO is Fm% 3m. These observed NiO peak data are wellmatched with the standard Xpert Highscore card 96-900-8694, and the JCPDS card number is 04-0835.…”

“…3. The band gap energy (E g ) of the Th-NiO nanomaterial samples is estimated using the following Tauc relation: 13 (ahn…”

“…Using the GCD data, the values of specific capacity (Sc) and Coulombic efficiency (Z) of the electrodes were estimated by the following relations. 13,21 C s = (…”