Porous N, B co-doped carbon nanotubes as efficient metal-free electrocatalysts for ORR and Zn-air batteries

Wei, Peng; Li, Yong; He, Zuhong; Sun, Xueping; Liang, Qirui; Wang, Zhengying; Fang, Chun; Li, Qing; Yang, Hui; Han, Jiantao; Huang, Yunhui

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2021.130134

Cited by 136 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…The XRD test was carried out to explore the phase composition and crystal structure of all samples. As shown in Figure 4a, an obvious diffraction peak at 26.1°for all samples is attributed to the (002) crystal plane of standard graphitic carbon (26.6°), 38,39 and there is a faint peak at 43.9°c orresponding to the (101) crystal plane, which indicates that the catalyst contains the graphite substrate. 40 Besides, the full widths at half-maxima of XRD spectra in the (002) crystal plane are 6.90, 6.49, 7.66, and 7.28 for the CNP@PNS-1, CNP@PNS-2, CNP@PNS-3, and CNP@PNS-4, respectively, which manifest that the samples have a similar grain size.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Mesoporous N–P Codoped Carbon Nanosheets as Superior Cathodic Catalysts of Neutral Metal–Air Batteries

Chen

Sheng

et al. 2021

Langmuir

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Development of high-efficiency oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalysts under neutral conditions has made little research progress. In this work, we synthesized a three-dimensional porous N/P codoped carbon nanosheet composites (CNP@PNS) by high-temperature thermal treatment of dicyandiamide, starch, and triphenylphosphine and subsequent porous structure-making treatment using the NaCl molten salt template. In the neutral solution, the electrocatalytic performance of the CNP@PNS-4 catalyst exhibits an onset potential of 0.98 V (vs reversible hydrogen electrode) and a half-wave potential of 0.91 V for ORR, which greatly surpasses commercial Pt/C (40%). Three kinds of neutral metal−air batteries (Zn−air, Al−air, and Fe−air) using the prepared samples as cathodic catalysts were constructed, corresponding to the maximum power density of 120.2, 78.3, and 18.9 mW•cm −2 , respectively. Also, they reveal outstanding discharge stability under different current densities. The density functional theory calculation depicts the reduction of the free energy of the determining step and subsequent decline of the overpotential for ORR.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Mesoporous N–P Codoped Carbon Nanosheets as Superior Cathodic Catalysts of Neutral Metal–Air Batteries

Chen

Sheng

et al. 2021

Langmuir

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“…Compared with the content of the three N species in N-G (Figures d and S6c), NiCo 2 O 4 /N-G has more pyridinic N, revealing that more defects are generated, which is in keeping with the Raman analyses. Pyridinic N can provide a lone pair of electrons to the aromatic π system to adsorb oxygen ions, beneficial to enhance the onset potential for the ORR, while graphite N is conducive to improvement of the electron conduction and limiting current density. , Consequently, a high percentage of the two N species is beneficial for superior ORR electrocatalytic activity. The O 1s spectra illustrated in Figure e are assigned to three peaks of O lat (529.6 eV), O vac (530.8 eV), and O che (532.2 eV), which correspond to the lattice oxygen, oxygen vacancy, and chemically absorbed water, respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pyridinic N can provide a lone pair of electrons to the aromatic π system to adsorb oxygen ions, beneficial to enhance the onset potential for the ORR, while graphite N is conducive to improvement of the electron conduction and limiting current density. 47,48 Consequently, a high percentage of the two N species is beneficial for superior ORR electrocatalytic activity. The O 1s spectra illustrated in Figure 3e…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Ultrasmall NiCo₂O₄ Nanoparticle-Decorated N-Doped Graphene Nanosheets as an Effective Catalyst for Zn–Air Batteries

Shang

et al. 2021

Energy Fuels

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Developing oxygen electrocatalysts with outstanding activity and low cost is vital to the promotion of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) of Zn–air batteries. Herein, an NiCo2O4 nanoparticle-decorated nitrogen-doped graphene nanosheet (NiCo2O4/N-G) is synthesized as a bifunctional electrocatalyst. The ultrasmall NiCo2O4 nanoparticle with an average particle size of 4 nm can introduce plentiful reaction active sites. Furthermore, the N-G nanosheets with small dimensions of 200 nm possess an extremely large specific surface area and can effectively restrict the aggregation of NiCo2O4 nanoparticles and promote species transport. Compared with NiCo2O4 and N-G, NiCo2O4/N-G exhibits a higher ORR and OER electrocatalytic activity in alkaline electrolytes, and it demonstrates almost comparable ORR activity but superior stability to commercial Pt/C. Using the NiCo2O4/N-G catalyst, a home-built Zn–air battery demonstrates a peak power density of 108.3 mW cm–2, an excellent discharge capacity of up to 792.6 mAh gZn –1, and a superior energy density of up to 879.9 Wh kg. Moreover, stable charge–discharge voltage gaps and an energy efficiency of ∼63% at 10 mA cm–2 can sustain for over 540 cycles during cycling, indicating excellent cycling stability.

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“…To determine the energy effects of the ongoing processes, the following elementary reactions occurring on the catalyst surface were identified 38 O 2(ads) + H 2 O + e – → OOH (ads) + OH – OOH (ads) + e – → O (ads) + OH – O (ads) + H 2 O + e – → OH (ads) + OH – OH (ads) + e – → OH – …”

Section: Model and Calculation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Density Functional Theory Study of the Oxygen Reduction Reaction Mechanism on Graphene Doped with Nitrogen and a Transition Metal

et al. 2022

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The active centers of carbon nonplatinum catalysts doped with cobalt, iron, nickel, and copper have been simulated by quantum-chemical density functional theory methods. The thermodynamics of the electrochemical oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) on model catalysts has been determined. It was found that among the studied catalysts, graphene doped with cobalt and iron showed the best properties. A two-state reactivity effect has been found on a cobalt-containing catalyst, and a more detailed reaction mechanism has been proposed, including the stages of charging by an extra electron and association with water. The proposed mechanism explains several effects that have arisen during the modeling in relation to the classical mechanism.

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Porous N, B co-doped carbon nanotubes as efficient metal-free electrocatalysts for ORR and Zn-air batteries

Cited by 136 publications

References 54 publications

Mesoporous N–P Codoped Carbon Nanosheets as Superior Cathodic Catalysts of Neutral Metal–Air Batteries

Mesoporous N–P Codoped Carbon Nanosheets as Superior Cathodic Catalysts of Neutral Metal–Air Batteries

Synthesis of Ultrasmall NiCo₂O₄ Nanoparticle-Decorated N-Doped Graphene Nanosheets as an Effective Catalyst for Zn–Air Batteries

Density Functional Theory Study of the Oxygen Reduction Reaction Mechanism on Graphene Doped with Nitrogen and a Transition Metal

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Porous N, B co-doped carbon nanotubes as efficient metal-free electrocatalysts for ORR and Zn-air batteries

Cited by 136 publications

References 54 publications

Mesoporous N–P Codoped Carbon Nanosheets as Superior Cathodic Catalysts of Neutral Metal–Air Batteries

Mesoporous N–P Codoped Carbon Nanosheets as Superior Cathodic Catalysts of Neutral Metal–Air Batteries

Synthesis of Ultrasmall NiCo2O4 Nanoparticle-Decorated N-Doped Graphene Nanosheets as an Effective Catalyst for Zn–Air Batteries

Density Functional Theory Study of the Oxygen Reduction Reaction Mechanism on Graphene Doped with Nitrogen and a Transition Metal

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Synthesis of Ultrasmall NiCo₂O₄ Nanoparticle-Decorated N-Doped Graphene Nanosheets as an Effective Catalyst for Zn–Air Batteries