Porous surface structure of biocompatible implants and tissue scaffolds base of titanium and nitinol synthesized SLS/M methods

Abstract

The objectives of these researches were to investigate the technical fundamentals of synthesizing high-strength biocompatible medical implants and tissue scaffolds made from nitinol or titanium using of Selective Laser Sintering/Melting (SLS/M). In particular, we had been identify the processing parameters and procedures necessary to successfully laser synthesize multi-material and functionally graded implants: the physical and mechanical properties, microstructure, and corrosion behavior of the resulting structures; the shape memory effect in porous layered nitinol structures made using laser synthesis. The comparative morphological and histological results of Selective Laser Sintering of porous titanium and nitinol implants are presented. Studies are conducted also on primary cultures of dermal fibroblasts and mesenchymal stromal human cells of the 4-18 passages. The principle possibility of long cultivating a bone marrow on the porous carrierincubator from NiTi and titanium in vitro was determined. Sufficient understanding of laser synthesized titanium and nitinol structures to determine their suitability for future use as implants, resulting in superior tissue to implant fixation and minimally invasive surgical procedures, was developed.

Laser-Assisted 3D Printing of Functional Graded Structures from Polymer Covered Nanocomposites: A Self-Review

“…One more method of obtaining strong implants by means of the 3D printing is their hardening by ceramic nanoadditives (Al 2 O 3 , ZrO 2 , AZO, HA) [14,18,19,[35][36][37][38]. The crucial parameter that determines the suitability of this method for making real bone implants and tissue engineering scaffolds is the print resolution.…”

“…Permeable pores of a large size provide permeability for the flow of necessary biological substances, while the pores of a small size are accountable for the roughness of the surface, giving the signal to spreading and proliferation of bone cells [35,48,49]. In order to fabricate a chaotic macroporous structure, different approaches could be used, but only the regular spatial architecture of porous-structured materials allows to increase the permeability and strength of the product to the desired values.…”

Porous SHS material based on TiNi with a microporous surface structure of its pore walls for creating an ophthalmic orbital implants

“…There are certain approaches that can be used to enhance the biocompatibility of the surfaces. For instance, such methods as ion beam and plasma treatment, laser-based surface processing, ion and electronic alloying with Si, Mo, Ta were previously employed to improve the surface of monolithic alloys by applying various protective coatings [47][48][49][50][51][52]. Another approach is based on preparing biodegradable hydroxyapatite films or on adding this compound to powders when a porous material is prepared [53].…”