Porous Titanium by Powder Metallurgy for Biomedical Application: Characterization, Cell Citotoxity and in vivo Tests of Osseointegration

Vasconcellos, Luana Marotta Reis de; Carvalho, Yasmin Rodarte; Prado, Renata Falchete do; Vasconcellos, Luis Gustavo Oliveira de; Graça, Mario Lima de Alencastro; Cairo, Carlos Alberto Alves

doi:10.5772/47816

Cited by 20 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 68 publications

(115 reference statements)

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“…In comparison with solid metal materials, open-cellular scaffolds of the in-growth layers of joint implants, as nowadays adopted by many healthcare companies, are proved to be more effective structures to support cell attachment and proliferation, cell morphology and spreading as well as better bone-implant fixation [2]. See Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface texture evaluation of additively manufactured metallic cellular scaffolds for acetabular implants using X-ray computed tomography

et al. 2019

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The surface topography of acetabular implants plays a key role in providing cell attachment and proliferation. The measurement and characterisation of the surface texture of the cellular scaffold layer on the acetabular cup are very difficult due to the 3D nature of scaffold geometry. It is proposed to use X-ray computed tomography (XCT) to measure the surface texture of an electron beam melting-produced titanium acetabular cup. The surface texture of its cellular scaffold is evaluated using the newly developed 3D surface texture parameters, which allows surface characterisation on 3D triangular mesh surfaces. Four commonly used height parameters, i.e. the arithmetical mean height Sa, the root mean square height Sq, the skewness Ssk and the kurtosis Sku, are calculated from surface patches extracted from the XCT scanned triangular mesh surface. In addition, the surface peak density and pit density, which are more related to cell communication and proliferation, are estimated based on the 3D watershed segmentation. The Wolf pruning with an empirical threshold 12 µm is used to control the over-segmentation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface texture evaluation of additively manufactured metallic cellular scaffolds for acetabular implants using X-ray computed tomography

et al. 2019

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“…Titanium alloys have been used in medicine since 1940 and possesses excellent material properties for medical application [6]. These properties include high corrosion resistance, high tensile strength, good biocompatibility and importantly a lower elastic modulus than stainless steel and cobalt alloys (90-110 GPa) among others [2,[7][8][9][10]. These properties make titanium the most attractive biomaterial compared to stainless steels and cobalt based alloys.…”

Section: Titanium Alloysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The porous samples are normally created by the space-method, where the samples are mixed with a material which can easily evaporate during mixing, and evaporated before the sintering step. The implants allow for higher bone ingrowth, lowering the chances of loosening and promotes more body fluids and cells to spread, decreasing the chances of rejection [7,14]. It also offers higher control of the size and shape of the implant, and is simple [6].…”

Section: Space-holder Technique Vs Alloying With Beta-stabilizing Elmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In an experiment conducted by de Vasconcellos et al, the authors used Urea to create their porous samples. In this experiment, their sample was heated to 180-200°C to evaporate the urea away, and the samples did not cause any health issues to the tested animals [7].…”

Section: Ureamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The percentage of porosity, which is the inverse of the relative density, is inversely proportional to the elastic modulus and yield strength through the Gibson-Ashby Equations, as noted in equation 1 Where E is the elastic modulus, σ is the yield strength, ρ is the density, the superscript * is the property of the experimental sample, and the subscript s is of a fully dense sample [7]. This means that the higher percentage of space holder in the sample, the lower the elastic modulus becomes.…”

Section: Percentage Of Porositymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Porous Commercially Pure Titanium

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I would firstly like to thank my family, particularly my parents. They have put up with my nagging and whining while continuing to support me, for which I would not be alive if they didn't, let alone be completing this thesis. Secondly, I would like to thank both A/Prof. Matthew Dargusch and Dr. Hooyar Attar, firstly to Matt for allowing me to work with Hooyar and supporting me when I need it, and Hooyar for the constant assistance he provided whenever I ran into trouble, and pushing me when I felt like relaxing. Thirdly, I want to thank my friends, who have made my university times less torturing, and gave me a break from my study when I was tired of studying. Without them, I wouldn't have been able to progress this far into my degree. Lastly, I would like to thank the people I have met, who have shaped me in various ways for the better, including the way I think and write.

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