Porous ZnMnO ₃ plates prepared from Zn/Mn–sucrose composite as high‐performance lithium‐ion battery anodes

Abstract

Porous ZnMnO 3 plates have been prepared by an initial formation of Zn/Mn-sucrose composite and subsequent calcination route. The influences of calcination temperatures on the structures and electrochemical performances of target ZnMnO 3 are clearly studied. At an optimal calcination temperature of 500°C, the ZnMnO 3 composed of numerous nanoparticles possesses an obvious plate-like structure and porous property, and a Brunauer-Emmett-Teller specific surface area of ∼25.50 m 2 g −1 and average pore size of ∼19.69 nm can be reached. As lithium-ion battery anode, the optimal ZnMnO 3 delivers a reversible (second) discharge capacity of 709.6 mAh g −1 at 0.4 A g −1. After 100 cycles, a discharge capacity of 560.0 mAh g −1 can be retained. Even at a high current density of 1.2 A g −1 , the sample still shows a discharge capacity of 403.1 mAh g −1. The good electrochemical performance of as-prepared ZnMnO 3 may be attributed to its unique porous structure.

Graphene-oxide-wrapped ZnMn2O4 as a high performance lithium-ion battery anode

“…A reduction peak shift is observed in subsequent cycles is in line with the literature [6-9, 11, 17], likely due to the differences in reduction processes in subsequent cycles [6,7] or microstructural rearrangement [11,17]. The broad anodic peak at ∼0.5 V which can barely be resolved as a separate peak corresponds to Li + dealloying from ZnLi alloy [11,28,50,[53][54][55]. Oxidation peaks at ∼1.2-1.3 V and ∼1.5-1.6 V were assigned to oxidation of Mn 0 and Zn 0 to MnO (Mn 2+ ) and ZnO (Zn 2+ ) along with the decomposition of Li ZnO respectively.…”

“…The first two peaks at ∼1.2-1.3 V and ∼0.86-0.88 V in the scan can be assigned to the reduction reaction of Mn 3+ to Mn 2+ and the formation of a solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer [24,[46][47][48][49]. The third peak (∼0.24-0.28 V) can be attributed to the reduction reaction of Mn 2+ and Zn 2+ to Mn 0 and Zn 0 in Li 2 O matrix and the formation of Zn-Li alloy [24,28,[50][51][52]. A reduction peak shift is observed in subsequent cycles is in line with the literature [6-9, 11, 17], likely due to the differences in reduction processes in subsequent cycles [6,7] or microstructural rearrangement [11,17].…”

“…It is also an abundant, environmentally benign, and cost-effective material, which has the additional advantage that it can store energy not only via conversion mechanisms, but also via an alloying reaction between Zn and Li [5,7,12]. There have been a considerable number of works investigating the influence of different nanostructured ZnMn 2 O 4 morphologies on LIB performance [2,[5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27], as well as the preparation of different carbon-ZnMn 2 O 4 -based composites [2,3,15,28,29] in an attempt to improve the cycling and rate performance of these materials. Carbon-based composites typically exhibit improved cycling performance due to buffering of the volume changes provided by the carbon.…”

A metal–organic framework approach to engineer mesoporous ZnMnO3/C towards enhanced lithium storage

“…2i, which implied that ZnMnO 3 /C possessed mesoporous characteristics. 33,34 Thus the mesoporous structure was able to provide a convenient lithium-ion diffusion path and buffered the volume change of ZnMnO 3 /C during the Li + insertion and extraction process. 35 A scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) were used to analyze the microstructure and elemental composition of the as-prepared ZnMnO 3 /C.…”