Portable Electrochemical Sensing System Attached to  Smartphones and Its Incorporation with  Paper-based Electrochemical Glucose Sensor

Fujimoto, Takuya; Kawahara, Shogo; Fuchigami, Yukio; Shimokawa, Shoji; Nakamura, Yosuke; Fukayama, Kenichi; Kamahori, Masao; Uno, Shigeyasu

doi:10.11591/ijece.v7i3.pp1423-1429

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Therefore, a combination of paper-based equipment and smartphones has also become a trend in the glucose detection field. A smartphone-based electrochemical glucose sensing system with a paper-based electrode was developed for glucose measurement in phosphate-buffered saline [ 78 ]. When fabricating a paper-based electrode, a working electrode, reference electrode and counter electrode were directly drawn on the chromatography paper using the carbon pencil.…”

Section: Smartphone-based Portable Glucose Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smartphone-Based Electrochemical Systems for Glucose Monitoring in Biofluids: A Review

Yan

Liu

2022

Sensors

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As a vital biomarker, glucose plays an important role in multiple physiological and pathological processes. Thus, glucose detection has become an important direction in the electrochemical analysis field. In order to realize more convenient, real-time, comfortable and accurate monitoring, smartphone-based portable, wearable and implantable electrochemical glucose monitoring is progressing rapidly. In this review, we firstly introduce technologies integrated in smartphones and the advantages of these technologies in electrochemical glucose detection. Subsequently, this overview illustrates the advances of smartphone-based portable, wearable and implantable electrochemical glucose monitoring systems in diverse biofluids over the last ten years (2012–2022). Specifically, some interesting and innovative technologies are highlighted. In the last section, after discussing the challenges in this field, we offer some future directions, such as application of advanced nanomaterials, novel power sources, simultaneous detection of multiple markers and a closed-loop system.

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Section: Smartphone-based Portable Glucose Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smartphone-Based Electrochemical Systems for Glucose Monitoring in Biofluids: A Review

Yan

Liu

2022

Sensors

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“…Currently, most of commercially available glucose measurement devices are invasive that require finger pricking to extracting the blood from forearm and doing chemical analysis using a test strip which is inserted into an electronic glucometer to determine the level of blood glucose, these procedures for this invasive method are considered as disadvantages because it is painful, uncomfortable, and expensive in the long term. Latterly, a biosensor has been developed to determine the glucose concentration in a liquid specimen [5][6]. This biosensor is low-cost, portable, and friendly to the environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Noninvasive blood glucose monitoring system based on near-infrared method

Al-dhaheri¹,

Mekkakia-Maaza²,

Mouhadjer³

et al. 2020

IJECE

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Diabetes is considered one of the life-threatening diseases in the world which need continuous monitoring to avoid the complication of diabetes. There is a need to develop a non-invasive monitoring system that avoids the risk of infection problems and pain caused by invasive monitoring techniques. This paper presents a method for developing a noninvasive technique to predict the blood glucose concentration (BCG) based on the Near-infrared (NIR) light sensor. A prototype is developed using a finger sensor based on LED of 940 nm wavelength to collect photoplethysmography (PPG) signal which is variable depending on the glucose concentration variance, a module circuit to preprocess PPG signals is realized, which includes an amplifier and analog filter circuits, an Arduino UNO is used to analog-to-digital conversion. A digital Butterworth filterer is used to remove PPG signal trends, then detect the PPG data peaks to determine the relationship between the PPG signal and (BCG) and use it as input parameters to build the calibration model based on linear regression. Experiments show that the Root Mean Squares Error (RMSE) of the prediction is between 8.264mg/dL and 13.166 mg/dL, the average of RMSE is about 10.44mg/dL with a correlation coefficient (R^2) of 0.839, it is observed that the prediction of glucose concentration is in the clinically acceptable region of the standard Clark Error Grid (CEG).

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“…Although μPADs have shown promise in realizing onsite analysis and POCT, sufficient sensitivity continues to require sensitive equipment. Therefore, much effort has been invested in developing miniaturized detection systems that include transmittance detectors − and electrochemical detectors. − These detectors have the potential to enable high-performance analysis outside laboratories because of their portability and the necessity for only small batteries. Therefore, a suitable coupling of paper devices with small detectors and sensors should be explored in order to achieve actual onsite analysis and POCT.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Pieces of Paper That Form Reagent Containers for Use as Portable Analytical Devices

Buking¹,

Suedomi

Nacapricha³

et al. 2019

ACS Omega

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Reagent-deposited pieces of paper were characterized by the use of a compact conductometer, a compact pH sensor, and a conventional spectrophotometer to assess their suitability for use as reagent containers. The pieces of paper were fabricated by wax printing to form a limited hydrophilic area to which a consistent volume of an aqueous reagent could be added. The pieces of paper without the reagent increased the conductivity of water gradually because of the release of sodium salts, whereas pH of NaOH decreased because of the acidity of the functional groups in the paper. Three reagents, sulfamic acid as an acid, Na2CO3 as a base, and BaCl2 as a metal salt, were deposited on the pieces of paper to evaluate their ability to release from the pieces of paper. Sulfamic acid and Na2CO3 were released in quantities of 58 and 73% into water after 420 s, whereas 100% of BaCl2 was released after 480 s. The conductometric titrations of NaOH, HCl, and Na2SO4, and the spectrophotometry of Fe2+ were examined using the pieces of paper that contained sulfamic acid, Na2CO3, BaCl2, and 1,10-phenanthroline. Titrations using the pieces of paper suggested that the reagents were quantitatively released into the titrant, which resulted in a linear relationship between the endpoints and the equivalent points. In 120 s of soaking time, 60–70% of the reagents were released. The spectrophotometric measurements of Fe2+ indicated that when an excess amount of the reagents was deposited onto the pieces of paper, they nonetheless sufficiently fulfilled the role of a reagent container.

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Portable Electrochemical Sensing System Attached to Smartphones and Its Incorporation with Paper-based Electrochemical Glucose Sensor

Cited by 11 publications

References 6 publications

Smartphone-Based Electrochemical Systems for Glucose Monitoring in Biofluids: A Review

Smartphone-Based Electrochemical Systems for Glucose Monitoring in Biofluids: A Review

Noninvasive blood glucose monitoring system based on near-infrared method

Characterization of Pieces of Paper That Form Reagent Containers for Use as Portable Analytical Devices

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