Portable penetrometer for agricultural soil: sensitivity test to identify critical compaction depth

Medeiros, João Carlos; Figueiredo, Getúlio Coutinho; Mafra, Álvaro Luiz

doi:10.1590/s0100-06832010000600006

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…This effect is directly associated with the reduction in the availability of water in the soil, soil aeration, and nutrients to plants, along with the increase of soil resistance to root growth (LETEY, 1985;MEDEIROS et al, 2010). Among various methods to determine the state of soil compaction and physical quality, the evaluation of soil penetration resistance (SPR) has been commonly used in experimental studies, not only related to precision agriculture (SILVA et al, 2004;BOTTEGA et al, 2011;CHERUBIN et al, 2011;DALCHIAVON et al, 2011;GIRARDELLO et al, 2011) but also to assessments of management conditions of agricultural areas (GOEDERT et al, 2002;NEIRO et al, 2003;FREDDI et al, 2007;SILVA et al, 2009;CALONEGO & ROSOLEM, 2011;OTTO et al, 2011) and forests (SEIXAS & SOUZA, 2007;SINNETT et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of penetrometers in agriculture: a review

et al. 2014

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Soil physical quality can be easily and quickly evaluated by using simple equipment to identify levels of soil compaction. Hence, it is necessary to know the variables responsible for changes in the soil penetration resistance (SPR). The aim of this review is to identify the main factors related to the various equipment used for assessing SPR as a soil physical quality indicator in agriculture. This literature review describes the different types of equipment used and its relationship with SPR. A wide range of procedures, devices, and equipments are available. Much of variability in SPR results is related to the equipment model, cone angle and diameter, and penetration rate. Usually, restrictions to root growth are correlated with SPR values above 2-3 MPa. However, comparisons of SPR values obtained under different soil moisture regimes in the same soil type have provided conflicting results of difficult interpretation. In order to minimize these problems, there is a need for standardization of measurement procedures and interpretation, and/or correction of SPR values according to a soil water content of reference.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of penetrometers in agriculture: a review

et al. 2014

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“…Numerous investigations were carried out to understand influence of bulk density and water content on the resistance of soil penetration in a laboratory [Busscher et al 1997], which yielded both empirical and theoretical relationships. The resistance of soil to penetration is one of the most frequent used indices of the physical quality of soil in agronomical evaluations [Medeiros et. al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the Technological Path on Some Soil Properties on Loess Slope

Kruk

2019

J. Ecol. Eng.

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Investigations of horizontal and vertical changes of soil moisture and soil compaction on eroded loess slope, were the aim of the work. The study was performed on a farm in the municipality of Brzeźnica [N50°8'33,03, E18°13'16,31] (Province of Silesia, Poland). The research and collection of soil samples were carried out on 20.07.2017. On the day of the measurement, the slope was covered with winter wheat. The soil moisture and compaction degree were monitored at 36 points in the experimental area. The distance between the points along the slope were: 25 m (points: 1, 1a, 1b-6, 6a, 6b), 50 m (points: 6, 6a, 6b-11, 11a, 11b) and 200 m (points: 11, 11a, 11b-12, 12a, 12b), while across the slope, the distances were 2 m apart. The vertical changes were determined based on the measurements at depths: 0-5, 5-10, 10-15, 15-20, 20-30, 30-40, 40-50 and 50-60 cm. Soil moisture were carried out using device of the TDR HH2 type. The soil moisture was ranged between 2.8% and 28.0%. The degree of compaction was determining using the Eijkelkamp manual penetrometer up to a maximum depth of 80 cm. The statistical analysis includes depths up to 30 cm. The soil compaction values ranged between 0.24 and 2.66 MPa. There were large differences between the values of examined parameters both horizontally and vertically in relation to the location on the slope. The horizontal and vertical distributions of the investigated parameters were elaborated using the analysis of variance, three-way, where the independent factors were: road and location 2 and 4 m from it (factor A), depth (factor B), and position along the slope (factor C). The analysis of variance showed that in the case of compaction, there is a statistically significant effect of the technical path and distance from it, and depth, on the formation of this property. In the case of soil moisture, the analysis of variance showed a statistically significant effect of the technical road and distance from it, as well as the depth, on the shaping of this property.

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“…Soil compaction, characterized by reduction of macrospores, available water and thus productivity (Birkas et al 2008) can be evaluated by measuring soil density and penetrometer resistance. When these properties exceed critical values, plant growth is severely restricted (Medeiros et al 2010). Several factors influence soil compaction which may include different tillage tools, depth and speed of ploughing, moisture content, texture or soil cover residue (Bogunovic et al 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the physical and mechanical properties of the soils in the different agroecological zones of Benin

Dayou¹,

Zokpodo²,

Kakaï³

2018

Agro-Sci.

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The physical properties of soils are important for proper monitoring of soil functions. In order to evaluate soil resistance to agricultural equipment, a study was carried out on the four main soil types (ferralitic, ferruginous, hydromorphic and vertisol) in the eight agroecological zones of Benin. The objective of this work was to determine the physical and mechanical parameters of the soils. A sampling of soil types by agroecological zone was carried out in 36 localities in Benin to record vertical and horizontal soil strengths using a compactometer and a penetrometer. These data were complemented by measurements of texture, density and water content of the soil samples. An analysis of variance, polynomial regressions and Pearson correlation were performed between the parameters studied. It is noted that majority of soils assessed were sandy loam. The high sand content in most soils would be due to the depth considered (20 cm). The bulk densities range from 1.21 to 1.73gcm-3 and water contents from 4.9 to 35.11%. Vertical resistances range from 3.89 to 16.36 kg cm-2 and horizontal resistances from 1.03 to 4.44 kg cm-2. Strong soil resistances (vertical and horizontal) are recorded in the northern part of Benin where large proportions of the gravelswere observed in the samples taken. A positive correlation was observed between vertical resistance and horizontal soil resistance. It can be concluded that soil resistance in Benin vary from one agro-ecological zone to another, but the linking of soil properties is less significant between zones.

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Portable penetrometer for agricultural soil: sensitivity test to identify critical compaction depth

Cited by 8 publications

References 22 publications

Use of penetrometers in agriculture: a review

Use of penetrometers in agriculture: a review

Impact of the Technological Path on Some Soil Properties on Loess Slope

Assessment of the physical and mechanical properties of the soils in the different agroecological zones of Benin

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