Portable Respiratory CO2 Monitoring Device for Early Screening of Asthma

Abstract

Abstract-This paper presents a portable and patient independent respiratory CO 2 monitoring device for early screening of asthma. The device is developed incorporation of hardware (Sprint IR CO 2 sensor with a sampling rate of 20 Hz, face mask, Atmega 328 microcontroller and graphical liquid crystal display-GLCD) and software (Arduino integrated development environment). The Transistor-Transistor Logic (TTL) communication was used to transmit and receive the signal from the host (microcontroller) to sensor and vice versa. Further, the computation and transmission algorithm was developed to process and display the CO 2 signal on GLCD. In addition, the signal processing techniques were used to discriminate mild stage of asthma and non-asthma condition. In this preliminary study, the developed device was tested on 20 subjects aged between 20 and 25 years. Out of those, 5 were suffering from mild asthma and 15 were without asthma. The performance of the developed prototype device was confirmed through statistical analysis using SPSS software which achieved 80% sensitivity and 90% specificity. The p-value of the developed device was 0.000. The result shows that it's statistically significant and able to differentiate asthma (mild) and non-asthma. However, the device will be tested further on a larger number of populations to generalize the finding.

Asthma Monitoring Systems Based on Electro-Infrared Sensors: A Review

“…The main objective of this study is to show the best device that has the ability to monitor asthma in the home environment and assists in the progression and handling of asthma which is the COMET CO2 sensor [5,37,38]. Till now, too many studies have made huge steps towards the monitoring and detection of cardio-respiratory conditions and disorders, specifically, asthma, this is done by using a capnography [32,39]. The schematic block diagram in figure 2 shows the proposed system in the present study for monitoring asthma and also it determines the lung disease in asthmatics.…”

“…The number of asthmatics has been increasing so fast over the years. The developed model helps to prevent asthma from happen by detecting the causes of asthma [32]. In 2018, the authors made a review study investigate, and compare between different infrared carbon dioxide sensors specifications, this study also gives the capnogram features that use to develop an asthma-monitoring device.…”

Carbon Dioxide Waveform Features During Pre and Post Treatment Asthmatic Patient in Emergency Department

“…Pre Many previous studies have been performed in a controlled situation for the assessment of CO 2 waveform features with asthmatic patients, either asthmatic condition has been steady for some hours, or in histamine challenge test [2][3][4]23,25]. In contrast, this study was performed with the acute attack asthmatic patients presenting to the emergency department (ED).…”

Design of Carbon Dioxide Levels Measurement in Human Expiration Using EtCO2 Capnography Method

“…Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease and has become the main reason patients are always rushed to the hospital emergency department [1]. The method currently used to monitor asthma conditions is to use a tool called a peak flow meter [2] [3].…”

“…In 2017, research was done on CO2 with a portable design for asthma screening by Sameen Ahmed Malik, Om Prakash Singh, Aimi Nurifhan This research has advantages in designing the EtCO2 sensor module which is cheap for the community and supports early detection of asthma diagnosis. However, the weakness is that researchers used GLCD where the graphic image was still not clear and the wave or graph used was still a sinusoid which is difficult to understand for inspiration and expiration detection [1].…”