Portal venous hemodynamics in chronic liver disease: effects of posture change and exercise.

Abstract

Changes of portal hemodynamics with the progression of chronic liver disease and changes caused by body posture and physical exercise were investigated using an ultrasonic pulsed Doppler flowmeter in healthy adults and in patients with chronic persistent hepatitis, chronic active hepatitis, and cirrhosis. Portal venous velocity was significantly reduced in patients with chronic active hepatitis, cirrhosis without a large splenorenal shunt, and cirrhosis with a large splenorenal shunt, compared with normal subjects and patients with chronic persistent hepatitis. Portal venous flow, by contrast, was significantly reduced only in patients with cirrhosis and a large splenorenal shunt compared with normal subjects and with the other three groups; there was no significant difference in portal venous flow among the latter four groups. Both portal venous velocity and flow showed a tendency toward further reduction in patients with cirrhosis who had hepatofugal flow of part of the superior mesenteric venous blood into the splenic vein and a large splenorenal shunt. Both exercise and posture change from supine to sitting significantly reduced portal venous velocity and portal venous flow in normal subjects, as well as in the patients with chronic liver disease.

Role of xanthine oxidase in delayed lipid peroxidation in rat liver induced by acute exhausting exercise

“…However, there have been few studies which have evaluated the harmful property of exercise-induced oxygen radical stems from XOD reactions in the liver. It has generally been considered that splanchnic blood¯ow is markedly decreased during exercise, and previous reports have also suggested that hepatic blood¯ow is reduced to less than half of normal during severe physical exercise (Fleig and Wahren 1971;Ohnishi et al 1985). Since these changes in the distribution of blood¯ow may cause a transient ischaemic/hypoxic state in the liver, the possibility remains that XOD-derived hepatic oxidative damage occurs with the onset of reperfusion/reoxygenation, that is during recovery after exercise.…”

Liver hemodynamic flow balance by image‐directed Doppler ultrasound evaluation in normal subjects

“…Particular difficulty was encountered in obtaining an adequate approach to the hepatic veins in order to minimize the angle between the long axis of the vessels and the ultrasonic beam. 6 7…”

Pattern of some Liver Enzymes and Cardiovascular Changes during a Trademill Exercise

“…7 This finding may also be associated with leaking out of ALP from mechanically damaged muscle cells 5 or increased bone mass in physically active subjects. 14 It has been reported that physical exercise increases the blood flow in working skeletal muscles, while it decreases blood supply to the liver 15 and portal vein. 16 This causes damage to the liver with a resultant increase in the leakage of these liver enzymes into the blood stream.…”