Portland Cement Concrete Pavement Permeability Performance

Castro, Javier; Spragg, Robert; Kompare, Phil; Weiss, Jason

doi:10.5703/1288284314244

Cited by 33 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The resistance measurements need to be corrected for the geometry of the test. Geometry factors can be determined experimentally [8,38] or numerically [27]. Temperature is another important factor in the testing of concrete resistivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability Analysis of the Bulk Resistivity Measured Using Concrete Cylinders

Spragg

Castro

Nantung

et al. 2012

Adv. Civil Eng. Materials

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Prepared in cooperation with the Indiana Department of Transportation and Federal Highway Administration. Abstract. Many agencies are interested in using a rapid test method for measuring the electrical properties of concrete (i.e., the resistivity or conductivity) since the electrical properties can be related to fluid transport (e.g., ion diffusion). The advantage of electrical testing is that it is relatively easy to perform and the test method is relatively fast (less than a minute). Over the last century, many studies have investigated different approaches for measuring electrical properties. This paper describes the variability associated with measuring the bulk resistivity along the longitudinal axis of a cylinder after placing electrod es on either end. A multi-laboratory evaluation was performed using ten laboratories. Data from this evaluation provided variability data for twelve concrete mixtures at testing ages of 28, 56, and 91 days. Information on the variability is important in the development of precision and bias statements for standard test methods. In addition, this work discusses how the resistivity results obtained from this test can be correlated with surface resistivity measurements made using the Wenner probe. A linear agreement was noticed between the Wenner test and the measurement through the cylinder, but with a factor confirmed by previous research by Morris et al. (1996). Additionally, the effect of electrode resistance was discussed and for high resistivity concrete such as that used in much of the transportation infrastructure, this effect appears to be negligible; however, it can be accounted for easily. 17.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability Analysis of the Bulk Resistivity Measured Using Concrete Cylinders

Spragg

Castro

Nantung

et al. 2012

Adv. Civil Eng. Materials

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“…Although almost any electrode configuration will work, this work uses longitudinal threaded rods that are embedded in the fresh material and remain embedded so that measurements can be taken while the specimen is hardening. A schematic of this setup is given in Figure 1(c) (see also Castro et al, 2010), and it typically consists of two parallel metal rods that run longitudinally through the cylinder. Other types of these sensor configurations have been discussed elsewhere (Castro et al, 2010;Rajabipour & Weiss, 2008;Weiss, Shane, Mieses, Mason, & Shah, 1999a), and each geometry factor is different and needs to be determined experimentally or numerically.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A schematic of this setup is given in Figure 1(c) (see also Castro et al, 2010), and it typically consists of two parallel metal rods that run longitudinally through the cylinder. Other types of these sensor configurations have been discussed elsewhere (Castro et al, 2010;Rajabipour & Weiss, 2008;Weiss, Shane, Mieses, Mason, & Shah, 1999a), and each geometry factor is different and needs to be determined experimentally or numerically. The geometry factor can be determined experimentally using a solution having a known resistivity or using a companion specimen whose geometry factor is known .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Surface and Uniaxial Electrical Measurements on Layered Cementitious Composites having Cylindrical and Prismatic Geometries

Spragg¹,

Jones²,

Villani³

et al. 2014

Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on the Durability of Concrete Structures

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Electrical measurements are becoming a common method to assess the transport properties of concrete. For a saturated homogenous system, the surface resistance and the uniaxial resistance measurements provide equivalent measures of resistivity once geometry is appropriately taken into account. However, cementitious systems are not always homogenous. This article compares bulk and surface resistance measurements in cementitious materials intentionally composed of layered materials (i.e., layers with different resistivities). For this study, layered systems were composed of paste and mortar layers, representing the heterogeneity that can exist in the surface layers of field applications as a result of differences in moisture content, segregation, ionic ingress, carbonation, finishing operations, or ionic leaching. The objective of this article is to illustrate that these electrical measures can differ in layered systems (with sharp layer boundaries) and to demonstrate the impact of the surface layer properties on the estimation for the underlying material properties, for both cylindrical and prismatic specimens. Accounting for the effects of a surface layer requires a separate correction in addition to the overall specimen geometry corrections.

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“…If the specimen is not properly conditioned it can lead to a misunderstanding of the actual absorption behavior (21,69,70). Due to the significance of conditioning and necessity for the specimens to reach equilibrium the standard curing procedures were not used (48).…”

Section: Specimen Conditioningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Durability of Saw-Cut Joints in Plain Cement Concrete Pavements

Weiss¹,

Sun²,

Tao³

et al. 2011

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This page intentionally left blank. AbstractThe objective of this project was to evaluate factors influencing the durability of the joints in portland cement concrete pavement in the state of Indiana. Specifically this work evaluated the absorption of water, the absorption of deicing solutions, the relationship between the degree of saturation and concrete deterioration, and the role of Soy Mehyl Esters as a potential concrete sealant. The aforementioned items were studied in conjunction with the observation of premature joint deterioration in concrete pavements. Previous work by the PI identified that deteriorating joints were observed to frequently have standing water and damaged joint sealant. To better understand the potential mechanisms responsible for joint deterioration, a series of mortars were tested that are consistent with the mortar fraction of concrete paving mixtures. The first portion of the work examined the role of deicing salt solutions on the wetting and drying behavior of concrete elements (this was a joint series of experiments with SPR 3093). It was observed that salts altered the equilibrium relative humidity of the solution, as such concrete containing deicing solutions dried less frequently than concrete containing only pore solution. Further, it was observed that the rate of water absorption was related to the square root of ratio of surface tension and viscosity. Salt solutions have a slower rate of absorption than plain water. It was also observed that concrete previously exposed to deicing salts also exhibited an altered rate of water absorption. The second portion of the work examined the concept of the degree of saturation and its relationship with freeze-thaw damage. Specifically mortars with different air contents were examined. Fagerlund developed a model that proposed a critical degree of saturation could be correlated with the onset of freeze-thaw damage. The work suggests that absorption testing should be used to determine the degree of saturation which can be used to estimate the time to reach a critical degree of saturation. Once this critical degree of saturation was reached freeze-thaw damage was inevitable. While entrained air was observed to slow the time to reach a critical degree of saturation, this critical degree of saturation could not be avoided. The final portion of the work examined the potential use of penetrating concrete sealers (like soy methyl esters) to reduce water absorption and the corresponding freeze-thaw damage. While absorption testing was able to show the benefits of sealers, differences were observed regarding the influence of sealer composition on freeze-thaw damage. Key WordsAbsorption, acoustic emission, concrete, deicer solutions, freeze-thaw damage, joints, pavement, relative humidity, saturation, sealers, soy methyl esters, transport The main objective of this study was to evaluate factors influencing the durability of the joints in portland cement concrete pavement in the state of Indiana.The scope of the research included the evaluation o...

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Portland Cement Concrete Pavement Permeability Performance

Cited by 33 publications

References 24 publications

Variability Analysis of the Bulk Resistivity Measured Using Concrete Cylinders

Variability Analysis of the Bulk Resistivity Measured Using Concrete Cylinders

Surface and Uniaxial Electrical Measurements on Layered Cementitious Composites having Cylindrical and Prismatic Geometries

Durability of Saw-Cut Joints in Plain Cement Concrete Pavements

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