Positive association between −1021TT genotype of dopamine beta hydroxylase gene and progressive behavior of injection heroin users

A Heroin Addiction Severity-Associated Intronic Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Modulates Alternative Pre-mRNA Splicing of the Opioid Receptor Gene OPRM1 via hnRNPH Interactions

“…Heroin addicts were classified into three groups (mild, moderate, and severe) using standard criteria previously described for heroin addiction severity (Xie et al, 2013), and performed through a questionnaire that collected information including age, education, employment, marriage, and specific information related to heroin abuse, such as drug route, duration, and daily selfadministrated dosage. Addicts who smoked Ͻ0.5 g/d heroin for Ͻ1 year were classified into the mild group, while addicts who smoked Ͼ1.5 g/d of heroin for Ͼ2 years or injected Ͼ0.5 g of heroin for Ͼ6 months were grouped into the severe group.…”

“…There were no significant differences in either the genotypic or allelic distribution between control and case groups (for genotype: 2 ϭ 1.38, p ϭ 0.501; for allele: 2 ϭ 0.65, p ϭ 0.420; Table 1). We then analyzed the association of the genotype and allele frequencies with the severity of heroin addiction, as defined by our standard criteria including route, duration, and self- administrated dosage among the 332 male heroin addicts (Xie et al, 2013). We found that both genotypic and allelic frequencies showed significant differences among the three heroin addiction groups (for genotype: 2 ϭ 13.79, p ϭ 0.0080; for allele: 2 ϭ 10.47, p ϭ 0.0053; Table 2).…”

“…Serving as the primary target for most clinical opioids, the OPRM1 gene has been considered as the predominant genetic candidate responsible for vulnerability to opioid dependence (Bond et al, 1998;Uhl et al, 1999;Hoehe et al, 2000;Luo et al, 2003;Ikeda et al, 2005;, as well as dependence on other substances of abuse, such as alcohol and nicotine (Kim et al, 2004;Lerman et al, 2004;Ray and Hutchison, 2004;Berrettini and Lerman, 2005;Zhang et al, 2006a). Of the 4536 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the human OPRM1 gene identified in the dbSNP database, rs1799971 (A118G) has been the most extensively studied in association with dependence and addiction to drugs of abuse, such as heroin.…”

“…In a twin population, this SNP was also associated with smoking initiation and nicotine dependence (Zhang et al, 2006b). Additionally, rs9479757 was found to be associated with pressure pain sensitivity in healthy Han-Chinese women (Huang et al, 2008), and with the severity of HIV infection as well as the response to HIV treatment (Proudnikov et al, 2012).…”

Stabilization of remission in patients with opioid dependence with naltrexone implant: a pharmacogenetic approach

“…Возможно, снова проявляется моду-лирующее влияние каппа-рецепторов на ДА-систему. Сообщают [23] о роли генотипа -1021TT в утяжелении течения опийной наркомании, если она уже началась. Возможно, в данном случае большая тяжесть течения заболевания как раз способствует удержанию пациента в программе.…”