Positive effects of nicotine on cognition: the deployment of attention for prospective memory

Rusted, Jennifer; Sawyer, John R.; Jones, Christopher I.; Trawley, Steven; Marchant, Natalie L.

doi:10.1007/s00213-008-1320-7

Cited by 37 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The facilitative effect of nicotine on PM was observed here on timebased but not event-based tasks. This is in contrast to Rusted's group (Rusted et al 2005(Rusted et al , 2009Rusted and Trawley 2006) who have not included time-based tasks but who have found improvements with nicotine on event-based PM, and with Jansari et al (in press) who found effects of nicotine gum on both event-and time-based tasks with comparable effect sizes. That differences have emerged between these studies is not surprising given the different methods of nicotine administration and heterogeneous PM tasks employed which vary in the extent to which they engage strategic processing.…”

contrasting

confidence: 84%

“…It is possible, however, that nicotine may confer a benefit over and above a reversal of deprivation-associated deficits as is suggested by facilitative effects of nicotine in minimally (2hr) deprived smokers and non-smokers (Rusted and Trawley 2006;Rusted et al 2009). Ascertaining such a 'true' facilitative effect of nicotine was beyond the scope of this study but it would be interesting to determine whether nicotine derived via the e-cigarette can improve PM in non-smokers and potentially offer another pharmacological intervention to promote cognitive functioning in older adults.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nicotine derived from the electronic cigarette improves time-based prospective memory in abstinent smokers

2013

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Rationale: It is well-established that nicotine improves, and deprivation impairs, cognitive performance and mood in smokers. Prospective memory (PM), remembering to execute a delayed intention at a given time point, is under-explored in smokers. Whilst a handful of studies have shown improved PM with nicotine, effects of nicotine delivered via the electronic cigarette have not been investigated.Objective: This study explores whether, by comparison with placebo, nicotine delivered via the e-cigarette can improve PM, tobacco withdrawal symptoms and desire to smoke in abstinent smokers.Methods: Twenty smokers, abstinent for 8-10 hours, each completed two experimental sessions under nicotine (18mg) and placebo (0mg) e-cigarette conditions. Participants completed a single-item desire to smoke scale and the Mood and Physical Symptoms Scale (MPSS). PM was measured using the Cambridge Prospective Memory Test (CAMPROMPT).Results: Compared with placebo, the nicotine e-cigarette reduced desire to smoke and tobacco withdrawal symptoms, and improved time-based but not event-based PM. There was a moderate, marginally significant negative correlation between PM performance during abstinence and nicotine dependence.Conclusions: This is the first study to show that nicotine derived via e-cigarette can improve PM in abstinent smokers suggesting efficient nicotine delivery. That the effect of nicotine was restricted to time-based rather than event-based PM is consistent with the view that nicotine acts to improve performance on strategic (effortful) rather than automatic processing. These findings add to the growing body of evidence that the e-cigarette can replace some of the effects of nicotine derived from tobacco smoking thus highlighting its potential for smoking cessation.

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confidence: 84%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nicotine derived from the electronic cigarette improves time-based prospective memory in abstinent smokers

2013

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“…Participants first completed this task before drug administration as a measure of 'decisionmaking' ability. They were instructed to sort a deck of 52 playing cards according to suit (Rusted et al, 2009). Each card image remained on the computer screen for 750 ms with an ISI of 1000 ms (in which the back of a playing card was displayed).…”

Section: Neuropsychological Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Positive Effects of Cholinergic Stimulation Favor Young APOE ɛ4 Carriers

Marchant

King

Tabet

et al. 2010

Neuropsychopharmacol

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The potential of putative cognitive-enhancing compounds to improve mental processing both in healthy and vulnerable populations is an area of growing interest to scientific and clinical communities. The possible influence of individual genetic differences on efficacy of these compounds has yet to be considered. We sought to investigate the profile of young-adult apolipoprotein E (APOE) e4 carriers across cognitive domains given that possession of this gene variant increases risk of developing dementia in later life. We also explored whether APOE genotype interacts with the cognitive enhancer, nicotine. A total of 1 mg of the cholinergic agonist nicotine was administered through nasal spray to healthy non-smoking young adults (aged 18-30) with either e3/e3 (N ¼ 29) or e4 (at least one e4 allele, N ¼ 27) genotype. Participants were matched on age, sex, and IQ in a placebo-controlled, double-blind 2 (drug: placebo, nicotine) Â 2 (genotype: e3, e4) between subjects design. Here, we show that, paradoxically, possession of the e4 allele confers a cognitive advantage on tasks mediated by the frontal lobe, and that young carriers of the e4 allele show larger cognitive benefit from procholinergic nicotinic stimulation. These results are the first to show that genetic differences influence the efficacy of a cognitive enhancer.

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“…The Digit Symbol Substitution Task (DSST, Wechsler, 1981) Trail Making Test A and B (Reitan, 1958) Controlled Oral Word Association Test (COWAT, Spreen & Strauss, 1991) 20-Word Item Episodic Memory Task (Rusted & Warburton, 1989) Backward Digit Span (Wechsler, 1981) Prospective and Retrospective Memory Questionnaire (PRMQ; Crawford, Smith, Maylor, Della Sala, & Logie, 2003) Prospective Memory Card Sort Task (Rusted, Sawyer, Jones, Trawley, & Marchant, 2009) Focal and Non-Focal Prospective Memory Task (McDaniel et al, 2011) Map Test of Everyday Attention (Robertson, Ward, Ridgeway, & Nimmo-Smith, 1996) Rapid Visual Information Processing (RVIP; Wesnes & Warburton, 1983) Stroop-Switch Task (Hutchison et al, 2010) …”

Section: Cognitive Tasksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Card Sort Task (Rusted et al, 2009) Participants sorted playing cards into hearts and spades, while ignoring diamonds and clubs. The non-focal PM intention was to press the spacebar for number 7 cards regardless of suit.…”

Section: Event-based Pm Tasksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term High-Effort Endurance Exercise in Older Adults: Diminishing Returns for Cognitive and Brain Aging

Young

Dowell

Watt³

et al. 2016

Journal of Aging and Physical Activity

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While there is evidence that age-related changes in cognitive performance and brain structure can be offset by increased exercise, little is known about the impact on these of long-term high-effort endurance exercise. In a cross-sectional design with 12-month follow-up, we recruited older adults engaging in high-effort endurance exercise over at least twenty years, and compared their cognitive performance and brain structure with a non-sedentary control group similar in age, sex, education, IQ, and lifestyle factors. Our findings showed no differences on measures of speed of processing, executive function, incidental memory, episodic memory, working memory, or visual search for older adults participating in long-term high-effort endurance exercise, when compared without confounds to non-sedentary peers. On tasks that engaged significant attentional control, subtle differences emerged. On indices of brain structure, long-term exercisers displayed higher white matter axial diffusivity than their age-matched peers, but this did not correlate with indices of cognitive performance.

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Positive effects of nicotine on cognition: the deployment of attention for prospective memory

Cited by 37 publications

References 45 publications

Nicotine derived from the electronic cigarette improves time-based prospective memory in abstinent smokers

Nicotine derived from the electronic cigarette improves time-based prospective memory in abstinent smokers

Positive Effects of Cholinergic Stimulation Favor Young APOE ɛ4 Carriers

Long-Term High-Effort Endurance Exercise in Older Adults: Diminishing Returns for Cognitive and Brain Aging

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