Positive postpartum depression screening practices and subsequent mental health treatment for low-income women in Western countries: a systematic literature review

Abstract

Problem statement and significanceLeft undiagnosed and/or untreated, the short-and long-term sequelae of postpartum depression may negatively impact both mother and child. In Western countries, access to mental health care is influenced by socioeconomic factors. The objective of this systematic literature review is to compile factors that hinder and improve access to postpartum depression treatment in low-income women after a positive screen for postpartum depression. The key question of focus is: what are the characteristics associated with access to mental health treatment for low-income women with a positive postpartum depression screen in Western countries?MethodsA PRISMA-based systematic literature review was conducted of studies published in English before February 2016 that looked at treatment for postpartum depression in low-income women who had been identified with the condition. PubMed and EBSCO databases were searched using MESH and key terms and found 100 articles that met the selection criteria. After review by two independent researchers, 18 studies with 17 unique populations were included in the literature review.ResultsTwo independent abstractors searched the included articles for themes surrounding impediments and advantages for low-income women identified with postpartum depression in obtaining mental health treatment. Characteristics of successful mental health treatment included studies that employed the use of a home visitor and those that separated outcomes for women with previous mental health treatment. Themes that emerged as treatment obstacles included cultural barriers, physical barriers, systemic health care barriers, and social barriers.Implications for practiceThis review will help to better inform screening and treatment priorities for those in the medical field who may encounter women experiencing postpartum depression and are not aware of the various barriers to care specific to low-income women. This review will also help policymakers identify specific obstacles that are not addressed in postpartum screening mandate policies which can affect the implementation of these policies.

Postpartum depression and associated factors among mothers in Bahir Dar Town, Northwest Ethiopia

“…Even though every woman is potentially at risk of developing postpartum depressive symptoms, an early age of childbearing is more vulnerable to develop postpartum depression [7]; low education level, poverty [8], poor social support [9], and childbirth without the presence of relatives [10] were factors that increased the risks of depressive symptoms after delivery. Besides the above factors, previous history of depression [11], obstetric complication, miscarriage [12], parous women, an unplanned pregnancy [13], intimate partner violence [14], stressful life events [15], and poor woman autonomy [16] were factors of postpartum depressive symptoms. Postpartum depressive symptoms have physical and mental health consequences for mothers and their families.…”

“…Postpartum depressive symptoms have physical and mental health consequences for mothers and their families. Postpartum depression is an extreme feeling of sadness, hopelessness, the recurrent thought of death, and risk of the mother harming herself [14, 17]. Depressed mothers provide inadequate care to their children, show negative parenting behavior, and present poor mother–infant bonding [18].…”

Older Women and Health Inequality

“…Based on the literature examined, there is a need for providers to recognize that formal treatment must take into account the unique cultural experiences of this population and should adjust accordingly to fit the patient's needs. This may require innovative approaches that move beyond the clinical setting to community-level interventions in order to help dispel negative perceptions regarding PPD and support normalization of the condition (Hansotte et al 2017).…”

Efektifitas Metode Double D terhadap Depressi Post Partum pada Ibu Nifas Fase Letting Go di Kelurahan Wonokromo Surabaya

“…Beberapa penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa faktor predisposi terbesar yang mengakibatkan depresi post partum adalah kondisi stress pada saat kehamilan kemudian kehamilan tidak diinginkan, sosial ekonomi dan jenis depression reaches 10-20%, while in developing countries it reaches> 20%. Post partum depression affects the mother's social status, self-esteem, and even suicidal ideation and disruption of child development (Hansotte, Payne, & Babich, 2017) (Pooler, Perry, & Ghandour, 2013). Depresi post partum memiliki definisi sebagai gangguan non psikomatik pada area mood, merasa kesepian dan merasakan kondisi ketidakberdayaan pada ibu nifas yang berlangsung hingga setahun lamanya (Almond, 2009;VanderKruik et al, 2017).…”

“…Di negara Amerika depresi post partum mencapai 10-20 % sedangkan di negara berkembang mencapai > 20 %. Depressi post partum berdampak pada status sosial ibu, gangguan kepercayaan diri bahkan berkeinginan untuk bunuh diri serta terganggunya perkembangan anak (Hansotte, Payne, & Babich, 2017). Studi pendahuluan yang dilakukan pada bulan Maret 2018 di kelurahan Wonokoromo Surabaya didapatkan 45 % ibu pasca melahirkan mengalami depresi post partum pada level ringan dan sedang.…”