Positive psychotic symptoms in childhood and adolescence

Schultze‐Lutter, Frauke; Kindler, Jochen; Ambarini, Tri Kurniati; Michel, Chantal

doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2021.11.007

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Schizophrenia is widely regarded as a reflection of abnormal brain development, and its manifestation is particularly severe in patients with CAOS. Previous research on CAOS has suggested that developmental events may contribute to the onset of the condition ( 13 ). In comparative investigations focusing on CAOS, it has been observed that the severity of negative symptoms and the age of onset serve as pertinent predictors of the disease ( 14 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation and possible links with cognitive impairment in childhood and adolescence onset schizophrenia: a correlation study

Liang,

Shao,

Xia

et al. 2024

Front. Psychiatry

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BackgroundCognitive impairment (CI) is a distinctive characteristic of schizophrenia, with evidence suggesting that childhood and adolescence onset schizophrenia (CAOS), representing severe but rare forms of schizophrenia, share continuity with adult-onset conditions. While relationships between altered brain function and CI have been identified in adults with schizophrenia, the extent of brain function abnormalities in CAOS remains largely unknown. In this study, we employed resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) to investigate functional alterations in brain areas among patients with CAOS. To assess CI across multiple cognitive domains, we utilized the Stroop Color and Word Tests (SCWT) and MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB) tests. Our objective was to explore the associations between functional CI and the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) levels in these patients.MethodsWe enrolled 50 patients diagnosed with CAOS and 33 healthy controls (HCs) matched for sex and age. Cognitive functions were assessed using the MCCB and SCWT methods. Rs-fMRI data were acquired using gradient-echo echo-planar imaging sequences. Voxel-based ALFF group maps were compared through two-sample t-tests in SPM8. Subsequently, correlation analyses were conducted to identify associations between ALFF levels and cognitive scores.ResultsIn comparison to HCs, patients exhibited significantly increased ALFF levels in the right fusiform gyrus, frontal lobe, and caudate, as well as the left frontal lobe and caudate. Conversely, reduced ALFF levels were observed in the temporal and left medial frontal lobes. Significant differences were identified between HCs and patients in terms of total cognitive scores, ALFF levels, and domain scores. All test scores were decreased, except for TMA. Correlation analyses between ALFF levels and cognitive functions in patients with CAOS differed from those in HCs. Pearson correlation analyses revealed positive associations between Brief Visuospatial Memory Test - Revised (BVMT-R) scores and ALFF levels in the left medial frontal gyrus. Digital Span Test (DST) scores were negatively correlated with ALFF levels in the right caudate, and Maze Test values were negatively correlated with levels in the left caudate. However, Pearson correlation analyses in HCs indicated that color and Hopkins Verbal Learning Test (HVLT-R) scores positively correlated with ALFF levels in the left frontal lobe, while color-word and symbol coding scores negatively correlated with levels in the right caudate.ConclusionsAltered ALFF levels in the brain may be linked to cognitive impairment (CI) in patients with CAOS. We highlighted the pathophysiology of schizophrenia and provide imaging evidence that could potentially aid in the diagnosis of CAOS.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation and possible links with cognitive impairment in childhood and adolescence onset schizophrenia: a correlation study

Liang,

Shao,

Xia

et al. 2024

Front. Psychiatry

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“…Beyond help-seeking behaviors, early recognition of emerging mood and psychotic disorders in adolescents is also limited by the use of suboptimal assessment measures that risk overpathologizing potentially transient and clinically irrelevant experiences 154,155 . The core experiences of mood and psychotic disorders identified in this study could, therefore, represent innovative research material, which contributes to tailoring the next generation of assessment instruments for emerging mental disorders in adolescents.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The lived experience of mental disorders in adolescents: a bottom‐up review co‐designed, co‐conducted and co‐written by experts by experience and academics

Fusar‐Poli,

Estradé,

Esposito

et al. 2024

World Psychiatry

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We provide here the first bottom‐up review of the lived experience of mental disorders in adolescents co‐designed, co‐conducted and co‐written by experts by experience and academics. We screened first‐person accounts within and outside the medical field, and discussed them in collaborative workshops involving numerous experts by experience – representing different genders, ethnic and cultural backgrounds, and continents – and their family members and carers. Subsequently, the material was enriched by phenomenologically informed perspectives and shared with all collaborators. The inner subjective experience of adolescents is described for mood disorders, psychotic disorders, attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorders, anxiety disorders, eating disorders, externalizing disorders, and self‐harm behaviors. The recollection of individuals’ past histories also indexes the prodromal (often transdiagnostic) features predating the psychiatric diagnosis. The experience of adolescents with mental disorders in the wider society is described with respect to their family, their school and peers, and the social and cultural context. Furthermore, their lived experience of mental health care is described with respect to receiving a diagnosis of mental disorder, accessing mental health support, receiving psychopharmacological treatment, receiving psychotherapy, experiencing peer support and mental health activism, and achieving recovery. These findings can impact clinical practice, research, and the whole society. We hope that this co‐designed, co‐conducted and co‐written journey can help us maintain our commitment to protecting adolescents’ fragile mental health, and can help them develop into a healthy, fulfilling and contributing adult life.

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“…Based on the assumption of a universal neurodevelopmental model of psychosis, studies of minors indicated that developmental aspects may play a crucial role in the prevalence and appraisal of diagnostically relevant positive psychotic symptoms in their full-blown and subthreshold forms, including neurobiogenetic and other risk factors [34].…”

Section: Commentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disorders of Thought and Mood: Connectivity, Transmission, and Modulation as Trinity of Biological Psychiatry

Walter¹

2022

JNNS

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Looking at the state of knowledge on the biological etiology of disorders of thought and mood as neuropathologist, I have encountered a broad range of associations between genetic and epigenetic findings, various relations to the contemporary knowledge on the importance of connectivity, neurotransmission, and modulation by neuropeptides, but nothing appeared sufficiently specific, so far. Taking disorders such as schizophrenia, anxiety, or autisms as examples I have critically reviewed and commented seven main hypotheses on the etiology of mental disorders. The often mutually exclusive or contradictory hypotheses are each fascinating in their highly sophisticated approaches, but remain altogether confusing; is there anything not responsible for disorders of thought and mood? If illnesses are poorly understood, they are poorly treated.

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Positive psychotic symptoms in childhood and adolescence

Cited by 10 publications

References 55 publications

Investigating amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation and possible links with cognitive impairment in childhood and adolescence onset schizophrenia: a correlation study

Investigating amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation and possible links with cognitive impairment in childhood and adolescence onset schizophrenia: a correlation study

The lived experience of mental disorders in adolescents: a bottom‐up review co‐designed, co‐conducted and co‐written by experts by experience and academics

Disorders of Thought and Mood: Connectivity, Transmission, and Modulation as Trinity of Biological Psychiatry

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