Positive Salt Tolerance Modulation via Vermicompost Regulation of SOS1 Gene Expression and Antioxidant Homeostasis in Viciafaba Plant

Abstract

Strategic implementation of vermicompost as safe biofertilizer besides defensing saline soils offer dual function solving problems in developing countries. The current study aims to utilize vermicompost (VC) for amelioration of 200mM NaCl in Vicia faba Aspani cultivar and investigate the molecular role of salt overly sensitive pathway (SOS1). The experiment was conducted following a completely randomized design with three replicates. Treatments include 0; 2.5; 5; 10; 15% dried VC intermingled with soil mixture (clay: sand; 1:2) and/or 200 mM NaCl. The results show that salinity stress decreased broad bean fresh and dry weight; and K+/Na+. However, malonedialdehyde and H2O2 contents; increased. Application of 10% VC and salinity stress increases Ca2+ (41% and 50%), K+/Na+ (125% and 89%), Mg2+ (25% and 36%), N (8% and 11%), indole acetic acid (70% and 152%) and proteins (9% and 13%) for root and shoot, respectively, in comparison to salt treated pots. Moreover, all examined enzymatic antioxidants and their substrates increased, except glutathione reductase. A parallel decrease in abscisic acid (75% and 29%) and proline (59% and 58%) was also recorded for roots and leaves, respectively. Interestingly, the highly significant increase in gene expression of SOS1 (45-fold) could drive defense machinery of broad bean to counteract 200 mM NaCl.

Proteomics and photosynthetic apparatus response to vermicompost attenuation of salinity stress Vicia faba leaves

“…Number and extent of starch grains in chloroplast of salt-stressed broad bean leaves were diminished; it may be due to the decrease in water uptake and inhibition of photosynthesis process (El Dakak et al 2021). Inhibition of photosynthetic CO 2 fixation by salinity factor may be also related to decrease in Rubisco content and activity.…”

“…Shilev (2020) reported that Bacillus subtilis and Azotobacter chrooccocum stimulate plant growth in rice, maize, barely, wheat, soybean, and sunflower tolerance to NaCl stress. These microorganisms are also known to inhabit vermicompost supplemented soil and gut of Eisenia foetida earthworm that found to be benefit for the soil structure and the yield of crop plants (Satpathy et al 2020); This highlights the role of 10% VC cooperated with microorganisms in attenuating the deleterious effect of 200 mM NaCl stress on Vicia faba growth, development, and metabolism (El-Dakak et al 2021).…”

The Role of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizosphere Microbiome as Alternative Biofertilizer in Boosting Solanum melongena L. Adaptation to Salinity Stress

“…The significant increase of the selected bioinoculum to K + , K + /Na + and Ca 2+ revealed that this association collaborated to expel Na + ions. This might be concluded from the perspective mechanism illustrated by El-Dakak et al [ 37 ] involving salt overly sensitive signaling pathway (SOS). Thus, the proposed regulatory mechanism to control salinity stress in eggplant involves the mitigating effect of PGPR and RF through decreasing Na + and increasing K + as both share a common pump.…”

From Soil Amendments to Controlling Autophagy: Supporting Plant Metabolism under Conditions of Water Shortage and Salinity

“…In the case that the compost was added along with the biochar, the positive effect became even more impressive. However, it was very evident that the type of compost had to be carefully selected, considering the requirements of the tested plant species and the composition (eventual contaminations and mineral content) of the soil [116,117]. The same observation holds true with respect to different types of biochar.…”

“…Plant performance can be improved under adverse environmental conditions by the addition of soil amendments, such as biochar. The beneficial effect of biochar on soil quality has been tested using experimental plants as different as solanaceae (tobacco) [116], fabaceae (beans) [117], and poaceae (phragmites) [118]. Stimulation of plant biomass production by the addition of biochar was most significant when using marginal soil as a matrix.…”