“…In magnetic bearing, energy storage, load transport, electromagnetic and hysteresis motor applications [22], large-grain array productions in various shapes are intensively demanded. In order to understand the origin and the mechanism of the high-T c superconductivity, the elemental substitution has widely been used [23]. Besides, it is also well known that the mechanical behavior of these Y123 superconductors associated with their corresponding electrical and superconducting properties plays an important role for the potential applications in the engineering industry [19].…”