Positron emission tomography imaging of transplant function

Brooks, David J.

doi:10.1602/neurorx.1.4.482

Cited by 18 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 80 publications

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“…Von solchen Untersuchungen sind zum einen eine sichere Diagnose des Morbus Alzheimer sowie verlässliche Demenz-Differenzialdiagnosen zu erwarten [40], zum anderen aber auch eine erAbb. 4 [43], zu erwähnen.…”

Section: Frühdiagnostik Und Verlaufsbeobachtung Bei Demenzunclassified

Wissenschaftliche Neurobildgebung in der Medizin

Weiller

Meyer

Hennig

2010

Bundesgesundheitsbl.

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Neuroimaging has in recent years greatly contributed to our understanding of a wide range of aspects of central neurological diseases. These include the classification and localization of disease (e.g., in headache), the understanding of pathology (e.g., in Parkinson's disease), mechanisms of reorganization (e.g., in stroke), and the subclinical progress of disease (e.g., in degenerative diseases). Apart form presurgical mapping, clinical applications of fMRI are limited. However, functional imaging enables the formulation of neurobiological hypotheses that can be tested clinically and is suited to test classical clinical hypotheses about how the brain works. Understanding the mechanisms and the site of pathology, e.g., in cluster headaches, will lead and has led to new therapeutic strategies. New methodological developments for neuroscientific applications are aimed at the integration of functional and morphological connectivity through a combination of magnetic resonance techniques (fMRI, DTI) and electrophysiological (EEG, MEG) recordings. In addition to stimulus-dependent activations, resting state activity has found increasing interest, for example, in sleep research and various psychiatric diseases (e.g., schizophrenia, borderline).

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Section: Frühdiagnostik Und Verlaufsbeobachtung Bei Demenzunclassified

Wissenschaftliche Neurobildgebung in der Medizin

Weiller

Meyer

Hennig

2010

Bundesgesundheitsbl.

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Multitracer assessment of dopamine function after transplantation of embryonic stem cell‐derived neural stem cells in a primate model of Parkinson's disease

Muramatsu

Okuno²,

Suzuki³

et al. 2009

Synapse

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The ability of primate embryonic stem (ES) cells to differentiate into dopamine (DA)-synthesizing neurons has raised hopes of creating novel cell therapies for Parkinson's disease (PD). As the primary purpose of cell transplantation in PD is restoration of dopaminergic neurotransmission in the striatum, in vivo assessment of DA function after grafting is necessary to achieve better therapeutic effects. A chronic model of PD was produced in two cynomolgus monkeys (M-1 and M-2) by systemic administration of neurotoxin. Neural stem cells (NSCs) derived from cynomolgus ES cells were implanted unilaterally in the putamen. To evaluate DA-specific functions, we used multiple [(11)C]-labeled positron emission tomography (PET) tracers, including [beta-(11)C]L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-[beta-(11)C]DOPA, DA precursor ligand), [(11)C]-2beta-carbomethoxy-3beta-(4-fluorophenyl)tropane ([(11)C]beta-CFT, DA transporter ligand) and [(11)C]raclopride (D(2) receptor ligand). At 12 weeks after grafting NSCs, PET demonstrated significantly increased uptake of L-[beta-(11)C]DOPA (M-1:41%, M-2:61%) and [(11)C]beta-CFT (M-1:31%, M-2:36%) uptake in the grafted putamen. In addition, methamphetamine challenge in M-2 induced reduced [(11)C]raclopride binding (16%) in the transplanted putamen, suggesting release of DA. These results show that transplantation of NSCs derived from cynomolgus monkey ES cells can restore DA function in the putamen of a primate model of PD. PET with multitracers is useful for functional studies in developing cell-based therapies against PD.

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MR-based imaging of neural stem cells

Politi

2007

Neuroradiology

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The efficacy of therapies based on neural stem cells (NSC) has been demonstrated in preclinical models of several central nervous system (CNS) diseases. Before any potential human application of such promising therapies can be envisaged, there are some important issues that need to be solved. The most relevant one is the requirement for a noninvasive technique capable of monitoring NSC delivery, homing to target sites and trafficking. Knowledge of the location and temporospatial migration of either transplanted or genetically modified NSC is of the utmost importance in analyzing mechanisms of correction and cell distribution. Further, such a technique may represent a crucial step toward clinical application of NSC-based approaches in humans, for both designing successful protocols and monitoring their outcome. Among the diverse imaging approaches available for noninvasive cell tracking, such as nuclear medicine techniques, fluorescence and bioluminescence, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has unique advantages. Its high temporospatial resolution, high sensitivity and specificity render MRI one of the most promising imaging modalities available, since it allows dynamic visualization of migration of transplanted cells in animal models and patients during clinically useful time periods. Different cellular and molecular labeling approaches for MRI depiction of NSC are described and discussed in this review, as well as the most relevant issues to be considered in optimizing molecular imaging techniques for clinical application.

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Positron emission tomography imaging of transplant function

Cited by 18 publications

References 80 publications

Wissenschaftliche Neurobildgebung in der Medizin

Wissenschaftliche Neurobildgebung in der Medizin

Multitracer assessment of dopamine function after transplantation of embryonic stem cell‐derived neural stem cells in a primate model of Parkinson's disease

MR-based imaging of neural stem cells

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