"Possibilities of Control of IgE-Associated Respiratory Diseases in Pediatric Practice. Clinical Case"

Abstract

Bronchial asthma (BA) is a heterogeneous disease characterized by chronic inflammation of the airways. Severe asthma occurs in all age groups and represents a clinically and etiologically heterogeneous group, accounting for about 5-10% of patients with asthma. Achieving control over the disease is the main and important task of treating bronchial asthma in all its forms. Despite existing clinical guidelines for the treatment of asthma, studies show that approximately 50% of patients remain poorly controlled. This problem is also relevant in adolescence, especially in severe forms of the disease. Adolescent children with uncontrolled asthma have a poor quality of life, many absences from school due to frequent exacerbations or asthma symptoms, do not leave the house, lead a passive lifestyle, may have depression and other psychological and social disorders. Modern methods of asthma therapy, based on the molecular mechanisms and pathogenesis of the disease, allow solving the issues of providing effective medical care to patients with uncontrolled moderate and severe asthma. They allow you to achieve control over the symptoms of the disease, minimize the risks of future exacerbations. This article presents a clinical example of a teenager with severe uncontrolled asthma, with concomitant allergic persistent rhinitis and hay fever. Anti-IgE biological therapy with omalizumab was prescribed. In a short period of therapy, control of asthma symptoms is achieved. The frequency of asthma exacerbation was reduced, the use of systemic corticosteroids (SCS) until their complete cessation, the use of short-acting inhaled β2agonists (SABA) was reduced to a minimum, and the dosage of inhaled hormones (IGCS) was reduced. As a result, the quality of life of a teenager is improved, the levels of his physical and daily activity and socialization are increased.