Possibilities of Detection of Sentinel Lymph Nodes in Endometrial Cancer by Radioisotope and Fluorescent (Icg) Methods

Uterine cancer is one of the most common malignant diseases among female population. Surgical treatment is the main part of therapy but the question of lymph node dissection volume in patients with intermediate risk of uterine cancer metastasis remains open.The article considers the concept of sentinel lymph node, anatomical characteristics of uterine lymphatic system. Description of various techniques for identification of sentinel lymph nodes, as well as clinical trial data evaluating their diagnostic effectiveness and sensitivity, are presented. Comparative analysis of the techniques and their combinations, drug administration routes is performed.

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Diagnostic value of ICG for sentinel lymph node mapping in patients with stage I endometrial cancer

Alimov,

Skugarev,

Grekov

et al. 2024

Sib. onkol. ž.

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Background. Lymphatic spread is the main route of metastasis in early stage endometrial cancer. Considering its significance, three risk factors of lymph node metastasis were identified. At a high risk of lymph node metastasis in patients with stage I endometrial cancer, pelvic and lumbar lymph node dissection is recommended. In low-risk patients, lymph node dissection is not performed. Lymph node dissection in medium-risk patients is considered as a staging procedure. However, in patients with aggravating factors that prevent extended hysterectomy, lymph node biopsy with ICG mapping and subsequent microstaging may be an alternative to lymph node dissection. Purpose of the study: to analyze the effectiveness of surgical approaches for staging endometrial cancer at different risk factors for lymphatic metastasis.Material and Methods. The treatment outcomes were retrospectively analyzed in 565 patients with stage I endometrial cancer treated at the gynecological oncology department of Botkin City Clinical Hospital and at the gynecological oncology department of Kaluga Regional Clinical Oncology Center from 2021 to 2023. All women were divided into three groups according to the risk factors of lymph node metastasis. Patients underwent hysterectomy, hysterectomy combined with pelvic or pelvic and lumbar lymphadenectomy, as well as hysterectomy with ICG mapping and sentinel lymph node biopsy.Results. A total of 334 endometrial cancer patients underwent surgery at Botkin City Clinical Hospital. In the medium-risk group patients (n=94), who underwent hysterectomy with pelvic (n=36) and pelvic + lumbar lymphadenectomy (n=31), lymph node metastases were detected in 4 (11.1 %) and 6 (19.4 %) patients, respectively. In the high-risk group (n=50) with similar surgeries, metastatic lymph nodes were identified in 2 (10.5 %, n=19) and 6 (26.1 %, n=23) patients, respectively. At Kaluga Regional Oncology Center, 231 patients underwent hysterectomy with sentinel lymph node biopsy. The low-risk group, the medium-risk group, and the high-risk group showed lymph node metastases in 7 (5.47 %), 6 (10.2 %), and 6 (13.6 %) patients, respectively.Conclusion. In stage I endometrial cancer patients with a low risk of lymph node metastasis, hysterectomy with sentinel lymph node biopsy is recommended. For medium-and high-risk groups, hysterectomy with systemic lymphadenectomy is recommended. If it is not possible to remove the pelvic and lumbar lymph nodes, their biopsy with ICG mapping and microstaging can be recommended. A combination of systemic lymphadenectomy with sentinel lymph node biopsy is a promising technique that could hypothetically demonstrate better results in terms of disease staging.

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Possibilities of Detection of Sentinel Lymph Nodes in Endometrial Cancer by Radioisotope and Fluorescent (Icg) Methods

Cited by 3 publications

References 1 publication

Sentinel node biopsy for diagnosis of lymph node involvement in endometrial cancer

Sentinel node biopsy for diagnosis of lymph node involvement in endometrial cancer

Sentinel lymph node mapping in patients with uterine cancer: current state of the problem. Literature review

Diagnostic value of ICG for sentinel lymph node mapping in patients with stage I endometrial cancer

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