Possibility of reusing Al-Machraya River for feeding Hawizeh marsh

Al-Khafaji, Mahmoud Saleh; Thamiry, Hayder A. Al; Al-Saedi, Ala

doi:10.1051/matecconf/201816203004

Cited by 2 publications

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“…Literature shows that considerable research work was conducted on marsh restoration (Curtis et al, 2005 ; DAI, 2006 ; Iraqi Ministries of Environment et al 2006 ; CRIM 2007 unpublished report; CRIM 2008 unpublished report; Riyadh et al, 2008 ; CRIM 2009a unpublished report; CRIM 2009b unpublished report; Al-Saboonchi et al, 2011 ; Al-Ameri and Jassim ( 2011 ); Al-Ansari & Knutsson, 2011 ; Al-Ansari et al, 2012 ; Muhannad et al, 2013 ; Al-Gburi et al, 2017 ; Al-Khafaji et al, 2018 ; Al-Khafaji et al, 2021 ; Bayda et al, 2022 ). Furthermore, various studies have shown that Iraq is one of the most vulnerable countries to climate change and its water resources begin significantly impacted, such as Chenoweth et al ( 2011 ), Abbas et al ( 2016 ), Abbas et al ( 2017 ), Awchi and Kalyana ( 2017 ), Al-Khafaji and Al-Chalabi ( 2019 ), Constantinidou et al ( 2019 ), and Saeed et al ( 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate change and future challenges to the sustainable management of the Iraqi marshlands

Nama,

Alwan,

Pham

2023

Environ Monit Assess

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The application of restoration plans for the Iraqi marshlands is encountering significant challenges due to water scarcity and the impacts of climate change. This paper assesses the impact of water scarcity on the possibility of continuing the application of restoration and sustainable management plans for the main marshlands in Iraq. This assessment was conducted based on the available data and expected situation of available water resources under climate change conditions until the year 2035. Additionally, a satellite image–based index model was prepared and applied for the period 2009–2020 to obtain the spatiotemporal distribution of the restored marshlands. The results show that the shortage in water resources and insufficient inundation rates prevented the adequate application of the restoration plans. Also, applying the scenarios of distributing the deficit equally over all water demand sectors (S1) and according to the percentage of demand for each sector (S2) shows that the expected deficit in available water for the three marshes by the years 2025 and 2035 will be approximately 25% and 32% for S1 and 9% for S2. Consequently, the considered marshes are expected to lose approximately 20 to 33% of their eligible restoration areas. Accordingly, looking for suitable alternatives to support the water resources of these marshes became a very urgent matter and/or recourse to reduce the areas targeted by inundation and being satisfied with the areas that can be sustainable and maintain the current status of the rest of the regions as an emerging ecosystem characterized by lands that are inundated every few years. Accordingly, steps must be urged to develop plans and programs to maintain the sustainability of these emerging ecosystems within the frameworks of climate change and the conditions of scarcity of water resources and water and air pollution to ensure that they are not lost in the future.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate change and future challenges to the sustainable management of the Iraqi marshlands

Nama,

Alwan,

Pham

2023

Environ Monit Assess

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Hydrological study and analysis for proposed Al-Arkhama Dam, Iraq

Sammen

Jalut

Nama

2020

IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng.

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The hydrological study and analysis for the proposed Al-Arkhama Dam which is located 90 km south west of Kirkuk City is presented in this work. The main aim of this research is to estimate the probable maximum flood (PMF) to perform the main objective of constructing the proposed dam through designing the necessary hydraulic structures. For the analysis of the maximum annual rainfall, the asymptotic extreme distribution type I was adopted as theoretical model. The computed PMF discharge for return periods of 5, 10, 50, 100, and 1000 years for the proposed Al-Arkhama Dam catchment area were 48, 66, 112, 134 and 212 m3/s, respectively. The PMF hydrographs of the 25, 50, 100, and 1000 years return periods were computed. The results show that uncertainty of using the SCS-CN method for estimating PMF increases if the values of its parameters are not optimized. In addition, to determine the peak runoff in the study area, this method is better than the rational method, which is permissive in estimation of peak runoff. However, in the proposed location of the Al-Arkhama Dam, considerable amount of water can be harvested. Consequently, this quantity can contribute in solving the problem of water shortage within the region. Moreover, this dam could be very useful in mitigation of the drought and flood risks in the study area and Tigris River. However, assessment of the surface runoff and sediment yield spatiotemporal distribution and the method of mitigation of these yields should be investigated.

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Possibility of reusing Al-Machraya River for feeding Hawizeh marsh

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Climate change and future challenges to the sustainable management of the Iraqi marshlands

Climate change and future challenges to the sustainable management of the Iraqi marshlands

Hydrological study and analysis for proposed Al-Arkhama Dam, Iraq

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