“…The angular distribution model is crucial both to the validation of the 3D solar irradiance model around the car body and optimization design of the high-performance static concentrator module (CPV) on the car roof [2]. For example, a new type of static concentrators consists of an array of dielectric lenses [28], its optimization algorithm for VIPV [29], combination to high-efficiency on Si tandem solar cells enhanced by an innovative partial concentrator configuration [30], its prototype [31], and demonstration to VIPV application [32]. In case the high-efficiency multi-junction cells are used for VIPV, it is essential to consider the spectrum impact correctly of the cross effect between the spectrum and angular distribution of the solar irradiance [33].…”