Possibility to Apply Strontium Aluminate to Produce Light‐Emitting Plants: Efficiency and Safety

Abstract

Light‐emitting plants (LEPs) provides light in areas without electricity. The phosphorescent compound was used as a lighting material for LEP development. However, using the phosphorescent compound for LEPs development required optimization and phytotoxicity evaluation. Strontium aluminate (SrAl2O4) is a phosphorescent compound that can glow for a long time and is easily recharged by visible light. In this study, using SrAl2O4 to develop LEPs was evaluated. Additionally, plant stress under SrAl2O4 was investigated. Metabolomic analysis can explain the possible mechanism of plants’ stress under SrAl2O4. After, injecting 3 mL of 5 % (w/v) SrAl2O4 products 1, 2, and 3 into the stem of Ipomoea aquatica, the result showed that SrAl2O4 products 2 and 3 caused oxidative stress. The metabolomic analysis also indicated that I. aquatica responded to SrAl2O4 product 1 by increasing pipecolic acid and salicylic acid, while I. aquatica injected with SrAl2O4 products 2 and 3 showed a decrease in salicylic acid around 0.005 and 0.061‐fold, respectively, compared to control plants. and an excess accumulation of MDA around 10.00–12.00 μmol g−1 FW. A 15 % concentration of SrAl2O4 can be used for LEPs development, enabling photoemission 18‐fold for 50 min. SrAl2O4 product 1 has the potential to be a material for LEPs.

From Nature to Technology: Exploring the Potential of Plant-Based Materials and Modified Plants in Biomimetics, Bionics, and Green Innovations

“…The concept of light-emitting plants has captivated the scientific community's interest since 1986 as a promising alternative energy source [243]. The development of light-emitting plants has primarily involved genetic modification.…”

“…The development of light-emitting plants has primarily involved genetic modification. This process includes the integration of genes from bioluminescent organisms such as fireflies (Photinus pyralis) [243], luminous bacteria (Photobacterium leiognathi) [244], and bioluminescent fungi (Neonothopanus nambi) [245]. These genes enable the plants to produce light naturally, mimicking the luminescence mechanisms found in these organisms.…”

“…Once injected, the SrAl2O4 particles are taken up by the plant's vascular system, similar to how nutrients and water are transported. The particles travel through the xylem and phloem, dispersing throughout the plant's tissues, including leaves, stems, and flowers [243,246].…”

“…The excited electrons in the strontium aluminate then gradually return to their ground state, releasing the stored energy as visible light. This process is known as photoluminescence, specifically phosphorescence, due to the prolonged emission of light even after the excitation source is removed [243,246].…”

“…The duration and intensity of the light emission depend on the properties of the strontium aluminate particles, such as their size, concentration, and the specific dopants used to enhance their luminescence. Typically, SrAl2O4 doped with europium and dysprosium exhibits a bright green afterglow that can last for several hours [243,246].…”