Possible drug–drug interaction in dogs and cats resulted from alteration in drug metabolism: A mini review

Sasaki, Kenji; Shimoda, Minoru

doi:10.1016/j.jare.2015.02.003

Cited by 18 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…2 Drug interactions and adverse reactions have been reported in association with both topical and systemic usage of azoles. 8,9 Furthermore, there are concerns regarding the evolution of Malassezia drug resistance. Some in vitro studies have reported that Malassezia from lesions in dogs with atopic dermatitis were less susceptible to, or even resistant to, azole antifungals as compared to Malassezia taken from clinically asymptomatic dogs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At outset (Day 0), Lesion Scores were very similar for placebo-versus Aptus â -treated paws [median (range): 10 (6-15) and 10 (6-15) respectively]. By end date, Lesion Scores were reduced in both placebo-and Aptus â -treated paws [8 (3-13) and 7.5 (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12), respectively]. Examining the absolute differences between paired paws, Aptus â succeeded in reducing Lesion Scores relative to placebo by a mean difference of 1.3 points (95% confidence interval 0.1-2.6), which was statistically significant (Wilcoxon signed rank P = 0.041).…”

Section: Lesion Scorementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Antimycotic azoles, such as ketoconazole, itraconazole or miconazole, have been standard therapies in reducing Malassezia numbers . Drug interactions and adverse reactions have been reported in association with both topical and systemic usage of azoles . Furthermore, there are concerns regarding the evolution of Malassezia drug resistance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A novel non‐azole topical treatment reducesMalassezianumbers and associated dermatitis: a short term prospective, randomized, blinded and placebo‐controlled trial in naturally infected dogs

Sjöström¹,

Mellor²,

Bergvall

2017

Veterinary Dermatology

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Background -Malassezia yeast overgrowth on the skin is a common and often recurrent cause of dermatitis in dogs; it can be an exacerbating factor of atopic dermatitis. Anti-fungal drugs have been a standard treatment, but there is some concern that resistance may be evolving in a spectrum of Malassezia species. Safe, efficient and easy-to-use alternatives are needed.Objectives -To assess if a commercially available topical non-azole solution applied to paws affected by Malassezia-associated dermatitis (MAD), could ameliorate Malassezia numbers and associated signs over a short term (14 day) trial. Animals -Eighteen dogs with MAD affecting at least two paws.Methods -The study design was prospective, randomized, blinded and placebo-controlled, using a split-body protocol. Dogs were treated once daily with the test solution on one paw and placebo on the other. Dogs were examined at days 0 and 14 AE 3. The primary end-point was Malassezia numbers assessed cytologically. Secondary end-points were clinical scores for lesion severity and pruritus as assessed by a pruritus Visual Analog Scale (PVAS). Owner compliance and adverse effects were assessed.Results -There was a statistically significant reduction in Malassezia numbers and clinical scores for paws treated with the test solution versus placebo. No statistical difference in PVAS was found.Conclusion -Daily topical application of the test solution was effective in reducing the Malassezia burden, as well as improving clinical scores in dogs with MAD of the paws. No adverse effects were reported and owners described the product as either "easy" or "very easy" to use.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Lesion Scorementioning

confidence: 99%

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A novel non‐azole topical treatment reducesMalassezianumbers and associated dermatitis: a short term prospective, randomized, blinded and placebo‐controlled trial in naturally infected dogs

Sjöström¹,

Mellor²,

Bergvall

2017

Veterinary Dermatology

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“…Enrofloxacin, a fluoroquinolone, has been reported to interact with the pharmacokinetics of other drugs such as the methylxanthine theophylline (Intorre, Mengozzi, Maccheroni, Bertini, & Soldani, 1995) and NSAIDs on several occasions (Abo- -Sooud & Al-Anati, 2011;Ogino, Mizuno, Ogata, & Takahashi, 2005;Rahal, Kumar, Ahmad, & Malik, 2008). The reason for the interaction of enrofloxacin with the pharmacokinetics of certain drugs is thought to be linked to the inhibition of particular drug metabolizing cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, such as CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 (Intorre et al, 1995;Rahal et al, 2008;Regmi, Abd El-Aty, Kuroha, Nakamura, & Shimoda, 2005;Sasaki & Shimoda, 2015;Vancutsem & Babish, 1996). While enrofloxacin seems to increase the half-life of elimination of theophylline, the effect on the metabolism of NSAIDs seems to be less consistent (Intorre et al, 1995).…”

Section: Pharmacodynamic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

A study of the pharmacokinetics and thromboxane inhibitory activity of a single intramuscular dose of carprofen as a means to establish its potential use as an analgesic drug in white rhinoceros

Leiberich

Krebber

Hewetson

et al. 2018

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

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The alleviation of pain and prevention of suffering are key aspects of animal welfare. Unfortunately, analgesic drugs are not available for all species. White rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum), representing one of such species, which survive poaching attempts inflicted with severe facial injuries and gunshot wounds, nonetheless require analgesic support. To improve treatment conditions, this study explored the use of carprofen for the treatment of pain and inflammation in white rhinoceros. The pharmacokinetics of 1 mg/kg intramuscular carprofen was evaluated in six healthy white rhinoceros. The half-life of λ and mean residence time was 105.71 ± 15.67 and 155.01 ± 22.46 hr, respectively. The area under the curve and the maximum carprofen concentration were 904.61 ± 110.78 μg ml hr and 5.77 ± 0.63 μg/ml, respectively. Plasma TXB inhibition demonstrated anti-inflammatory properties and indicated that carprofen may be effective for a minimum of 48 hr in most animals. With its long half-life further indicating that a single dose could be effective for several days, we suggest that carprofen may be a useful drug for the treatment of white rhinoceros.

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“…Interestingly, these two databases have different features [12] and show different results in identifying potential DDIs between the prescribed drugs for oral cancer treatment [13]. Also, in veterinary medicine as well as human medicine, multidrug therapy is commonly used for the treatment of animals [14]. However, few studies focus on the competency of databases to detect potential DDIs for the management of complicated diseases in animals, for example, cardiovascular diseases, urinary diseases, metabolic diseases, skin diseases and cancers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing potential drug-drug interactions in veterinary medications using two electronic databases

Boonyarattanasoonthorn

Khemawoot

Kijtawornrat

2020

Preprint

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Background: One of the most common global health issues in humans and animals is drug-drug interactions (DDIs). This issue increases the risks associated with healthcare in both human and veterinary medicine, as animals live long lives and receive many medicines to treat their illnesses. Currently, many electronic databases are being used as tools for potential DDI prediction, for example, Micromedex and Drugs.com. The purpose of this study was to examine the different abilities for the identification of potential DDIs in veterinary medicines by Micromedex and Drugs.com. Results: A list of 140 drugs, mainly used for the treatment of disease in animal hospitals, was complied, but the Micromedex and Drugs.com databases could recognise only 96 of these drugs. After inputting the recognised drug list into the databases, Micromedex showed 429 pairs of potential DDIs, whilst Drugs.com showed 842 pairs of potential DDIs. The analysis comparing results between the two databases showed 139 pairs (12.28%) with the same severity and 993 pairs (87.72%) with different severities. Major mechanisms of contraindicated and major potential DDIs were cytochrome P450 induction-inhibition and QT interval prolongation.Conclusion: Although Micromedex had a lower sensitivity to identify potential DDIs than Drugs.com, Micromedex provided more informative documentation. Veterinary pharmacists should evaluate potential DDIs from several databases and communicate with both the veterinarian and animal owner to ensure an appropriate drug prescription.

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Possible drug–drug interaction in dogs and cats resulted from alteration in drug metabolism: A mini review

Abstract: Graphical abstractEffects of ketoconazole treatment on intravenous pharmacokinetics of midazolam (CYP3A substrate).

Cited by 18 publications

References 78 publications

A novel non‐azole topical treatment reducesMalassezianumbers and associated dermatitis: a short term prospective, randomized, blinded and placebo‐controlled trial in naturally infected dogs

A novel non‐azole topical treatment reducesMalassezianumbers and associated dermatitis: a short term prospective, randomized, blinded and placebo‐controlled trial in naturally infected dogs

A study of the pharmacokinetics and thromboxane inhibitory activity of a single intramuscular dose of carprofen as a means to establish its potential use as an analgesic drug in white rhinoceros

Comparing potential drug-drug interactions in veterinary medications using two electronic databases

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