Possible Epigenetic Role of Vitexin in Regulating Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer’s Disease

Yahaya, Muhamad Afiq Faisal; Zolkiffly, S. Z. I.; Moklas, Mohamad Aris Mohd; Hamid, Hafizah Abdul; Stanslas, Johnson; Zainol, Murizal; Mehat, Muhammad Zulfadli

doi:10.1155/2020/9469210

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 65 publications

(89 reference statements)

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“…These epigenetic mechanisms comprise histone methylation and acetylation, as well as miRNA. Several approaches targeting epigenetic regulation of microglia/macrophage function were proposed, including modulation of epigenetic code readers-bromodomain and extraterminal domain (BET) proteins [32][33][34][35]. The selected signaling molecules, both cell surface-bound and soluble, that are involved in the cross-talk between neurons and microglia.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Glutamate and GABA in Microglia-Neuron Cross-Talk in Alzheimer’s Disease

Czapski

Strosznajder

2021

IJMS

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The physiological balance between excitation and inhibition in the brain is significantly affected in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Several neuroactive compounds and their signaling pathways through various types of receptors are crucial in brain homeostasis, among them glutamate and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Activation of microglial receptors regulates the immunological response of these cells, which in AD could be neuroprotective or neurotoxic. The novel research approaches revealed the complexity of microglial function, including the interplay with other cells during neuroinflammation and in the AD brain. The purpose of this review is to describe the role of several proteins and multiple receptors on microglia and neurons, and their involvement in a communication network between cells that could lead to different metabolic loops and cell death/survival. Our review is focused on the role of glutamatergic, GABAergic signaling in microglia–neuronal cross-talk in AD and neuroinflammation. Moreover, the significance of AD-related neurotoxic proteins in glutamate/GABA-mediated dialogue between microglia and neurons was analyzed in search of novel targets in neuroprotection, and advanced pharmacological approaches.

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Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Glutamate and GABA in Microglia-Neuron Cross-Talk in Alzheimer’s Disease

Czapski

Strosznajder

2021

IJMS

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“…Vitexin, found in several medicinal plants such as hawthorn, pearl millet, and Ficus deltoidea , regulates neuroinflammation and possesses a neuroprotective effect. Vitexin epigenetically regulates the proinflammatory cytokines and can be considered a potential candidate for the treatment of DLB and other neurodegenerative diseases [ 85 ].…”

Section: Phytochemicalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemicals as Regulators of Genes Involved in Synucleinopathies

Surguchov

Bernal²,

Surguchev

2021

Biomolecules

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Synucleinopathies are a group of neurodegenerative diseases characterized by the accumulation of α-synuclein aggregates in neurons, nerve fibers or glial cells. Three main types of diseases belong to the synucleinopathies: Parkinson’s disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, and multiple system atrophy. All of them develop as a result of an interplay of genetic and environmental factors. Emerging evidence suggests that epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in the development of synucleinopathies. Since there is no disease-modifying treatment for these disorders at this time, interest is growing in plant-derived chemicals as a potential treatment option. Phytochemicals are substances of plant origin that possess biological activity, which might have effects on human health. Phytochemicals with neuroprotective activity target different elements in pathogenic pathways due to their antioxidants, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic properties, and ability to reduce cellular stress. Multiple recent studies demonstrate that the beneficial effects of phytochemicals may be explained by their ability to modulate the expression of genes implicated in synucleinopathies and other diseases. These substances may regulate transcription directly via transcription factors (TFs) or play the role of epigenetic regulators through their effect on histone modification, DNA methylation, and RNA-based mechanisms. Here, we summarize new data about the impact of phytochemicals on the pathogenesis of synucleinopathies through regulation of gene expression.

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“…Vitexin is a flavone glycoside considered an important flavonoid of interest that possesses ample pharmacological benefits. [5] It is reported that vitexin serves as an excellent anti-inflammatory pharmakon, which reduces the level of cytokine expression at the site of inflammation. [6] TNF α is an important cytokine that plays a crucial role in the immune system's signaling pathways and inflammation.…”

Section: Abstract a R T I C L E I N F Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Computational studies of Vitexin isolated from Vitex negundo against Rheumatoid Arthritis targets

Devi

Bhagavathy

2020

Int. J. Pharm. Sci. Drug Res.

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One of the chronic inflammatory autoimmune diseases that need attention to be treated is Rheumatoid arthritis. Especially RA encounters more female cases manifests progressive destruction of bone and cartilage. Expression of more inflammatory cytokines and Matrix Metallo-Proteins at the synovial tissue destruct collagen structure and worsen the condition. Generally anti-inflammatory drugs and immune-modulatory agents are used to deduce the progression of disease. Such chemical entities have proven many side effects and expensive. This study provides a glimpse of structural based drug designing using bioactive pharmakon from a folk chloric herb. Vitex negundo is a traditionally available plant that has been reported to possess pharmaco-beneficiary bioactive flavonoids especially, vitexin. Virtual screening involves docking of vitexin with three different targets that is responsible for triggering collagenase enzyme was achieved using Autodock. Binding energy of vitexin and TNF α receptor1(TNFR1) was found to be slightly higher when compared to docking results of TNF α converting enzyme (TACE) and Human Inhibitory Kinase β (hIKβ) proteins. The molecular interactions were visualized using BIOVIA discovery studio visualizer. This study may evident that vitexin has enhanced pharmacological benefits that need to be ensured through in vitro and in vivo assays.

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Possible Epigenetic Role of Vitexin in Regulating Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer’s Disease

Cited by 17 publications

References 65 publications

Glutamate and GABA in Microglia-Neuron Cross-Talk in Alzheimer’s Disease

Glutamate and GABA in Microglia-Neuron Cross-Talk in Alzheimer’s Disease

Phytochemicals as Regulators of Genes Involved in Synucleinopathies

Computational studies of Vitexin isolated from Vitex negundo against Rheumatoid Arthritis targets

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