Possible gastrointestinal disorders for athletes during Ramadan: an overview

Chtourou, Hamdi; Chtourou, L.; Trabelsi, Khaled; Tahri, N.; Souissi, Nizar

doi:10.1080/09291016.2017.1333196

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Intermittent fasting is an obligation for healthy pubescent Muslims during the month of Ramadan (observance lasting between 29 and 30 days) [ 1 ]. During this month, it is prohibited for Muslims to eat, drink, smoke, or have sexual intercourse from dawn to sunset (fasting period) [ 2 ]. As a result, these obligations reduce diurnal and increase nocturnal social activities in mainly Muslims countries [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Thirty-Five-Minute Nap Improves Performance and Attention in the 5-m Shuttle Run Test during and outside Ramadan Observance

Hsouna

Boukhris

Trabelsi

et al. 2020

Sports

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Ramadan observance is characterized by several changes in behaviors, such as food and sleep, which could affect physical and cognitive performance. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of a 35-min nap (N35) opportunity on physical performance during the 5-m shuttle run test (5mSRT); attention; feelings; mood states; and perceptual measures of stress, fatigue, and muscle soreness during Ramadan observance. Fourteen physically active men (22 ± 3 years, 177 ± 4 cm, 76 ± 5 kg) were tested after a no-nap condition (N0), N35 15 days before Ramadan (BR), the last 10 days of Ramadan (DR), and 20 days after Ramadan (AR). Measures included the digit cancellation test (attention estimation), the profile of mood state (POMS), and the Hooper questionnaires. After a 5-min standard warm-up, participants performed the 5mSRT (6 × 30 s with 35 s in between; best distance (BD), total distance (TD), and fatigue index (FI) were recorded), along with the rating of perceived exertion (RPE) after each test repetition. After the 5mSRT test, participants responded to the feeling scale (FS). The results showed that TD and FI during the 5mSRT were not affected by Ramadan observance. However, BD was significantly lower than DR compared to AR after N0 (∆ = −4.3 ± 1.3%; p < 0.01) and N35 (∆ = −2.6 ± 1.0%; p < 0.05). After N0, attention decreased significantly at DR in comparison with BR (p < 0.05) and AR (p < 0.001). BD and TD improved after N35 compared to N0 at BR (∆ = +4.4 ± 2.1%, p < 0.05 for BD and ∆ = +4.8 ± 1.6%, p < 0.01 for TD), DR (∆ = +7.1 ± 2.2%, p < 0.05 for BD and ∆ = +5.1 ± 1.6%, p < 0.01 for TD), and AR (∆ = +5.5 ± 1.5%, p < 0.01 for BD and ∆ = +5.2 ± 1.2%, p < 0.001 for TD). A significant increase in attention was observed after N35 in comparison with N0 at DR (p < 0.01) and AR (p < 0.01). However, no changes were found for the perception of mood states, stress, sleep, muscle soreness, and the FI during the 5mSRT. Also, N35 was better than N0 for RPE at DR (p < 0.05), feelings at AR (p < 0.05), and fatigue estimation at AR (p < 0.01). A 35-min nap opportunity may have beneficial effects on physical and cognitive performances before, during, and after Ramadan.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Thirty-Five-Minute Nap Improves Performance and Attention in the 5-m Shuttle Run Test during and outside Ramadan Observance

Hsouna

Boukhris

Trabelsi

et al. 2020

Sports

Self Cite

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“…Fasting is a fundamental pillar of several religious denominations. Various studies analyze how participation in Ramadan, the Islamic fasting month, affects outcomes, such as dietary and nutrient intake [55,56], mental and physical health [57,58], educational performance [59,60], physical performance [61,62], foetal development [59,63], and output growth [64].…”

Section: Background Data and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Religion, Food Choices, and Demand Seasonality: Evidence from the Ethiopian Milk Market

D'Haene

Desiere

D’Haese

et al. 2019

Foods

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The impact of religious behavior on food systems in developing economies has been understated in scholarly studies. With its different Christian, Islamic, and traditional faiths, Ethiopia emerges as a suitable country to investigate the impact of religious practices on demand. The inclusion of livestock products in Ethiopian diets is extremely low, even by African standards, a phenomenon often explained by supply and marketing problems combined with low income levels. We deviate from this dominant narrative and single out the impact of religion. We show how fasting practices of Orthodox Christians, the largest religious group, affect milk intake decisions and channels through which consumed milk is sourced. Employing country-wide data collected by the Living Standards Measurement Studies, we find, as expected, that Orthodox fasting adversely affects milk consumption and decreases the share of milk sourced from own production in Orthodox households, an effect we quantify in this paper. Moreover, we observe spillover effects of Orthodox fasting on other religious groups in dominant Orthodox localities. Our findings improve understanding of the broader societal implication of religiously inspired consumption rituals and underscore the challenges resulting from religion-induced demand cycles to design policies that aim at developing the livestock sector.

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“…Ramadan fasting (RF) is a religious custom in Islam, which requires healthy Muslims to refrain from eating, drinking, smoking, and sexual relations between sunrise and sunset [ 1 ]. Generally, adult Muslims observe two main meals, the first meal in the early morning just before sunrise and the second meal at the end of the fasting day after sunset [ 2 ]. This eating pattern and length between two meals leads to some changes in sleep and lifestyle rhythms [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Acute Ramadan Fasting on Muscle Function and Buffering System of Male Athletes

et al. 2021

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The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of acute Ramadan fasting (RF) on the muscle function and buffering system. Twelve male athletes with 8 years of professional sports experience (age, 23.2 ± 1.3 years, body mass index: 24.2 ± 2.2 kg/m2) participated in this study. The subjects were tested twice, 3 weeks after the beginning of RF and 2 weeks after the end RF. Muscle function, buffering capacity, and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were measured during and after RF by using the Biodex isokinetic machine, blood gas analyzer, and RPE 6–20 Borg scale, respectively. Venous blood samples for pH and bicarbonate (HCO3−) were measured during and after RF by using the Biodex isokinetic machine, blood gas analyzer, and RPE 6–20 Borg scale, respectively. Venous blood samples for pH and bicarbonate (HCO3−) were taken immediately after 25 repetitions of isokinetic knee flexion and extension. Measures taken during isokinetic knee extension during RF were significantly lower than those after RF in extension peak torque (t = −4.72, p = 0.002), flexion peak torque (t = −3.80, p = 0.007), extension total work (t = −3.05, p = 0.019), extension average power (t = −4.20, p = 0.004), flexion average power (t = −3.37, p = 0.012), blood HCO3− (t = −2.02, p = 0.041), and RPE (Z = −1.69, p = 0.048). No influence of RF was found on the blood pH (t = 0.752, p = 0.476). RF has adverse effects on muscle function and buffering capacity in athletes. It seems that a low-carbohydrate substrate during RF impairs muscle performance and reduces the buffering capacity of the blood, leading to fatigue in athletes.

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Possible gastrointestinal disorders for athletes during Ramadan: an overview

Cited by 16 publications

References 47 publications

A Thirty-Five-Minute Nap Improves Performance and Attention in the 5-m Shuttle Run Test during and outside Ramadan Observance

A Thirty-Five-Minute Nap Improves Performance and Attention in the 5-m Shuttle Run Test during and outside Ramadan Observance

Religion, Food Choices, and Demand Seasonality: Evidence from the Ethiopian Milk Market

Effect of Acute Ramadan Fasting on Muscle Function and Buffering System of Male Athletes

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