Possible Interactions of Cyclosporine and Hyperprolactinemia Modulating the Episodic Secretion of Prolactin

Ai, Esquifino; Me, Gonzalez; Lafuente, A.

doi:10.3181/00379727-213-44052

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Proliferation of rat LN cells in response to Con A, a lectin that activates T cells by bridging their TCRs, was also shown to present a daily variation, but with variable phases and amplitudes across conditions and studies (36)(37)(38). However, in the latter case, rats were first treated with Freund's adjuvant, which activates the innate response, and the amplitude of the proliferation rhythm was greatly reduced without this prior stimulation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circadian Variation of the Response of T Cells to Antigen

Fortier¹,

Rooney²,

Dardente³

et al. 2011

The Journal of Immunology

156

171

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Circadian clocks regulate many important aspects of physiology, and their disturbance leads to various medical conditions. Circadian variations have been found in immune system variables, including daily rhythms in circulating WBC numbers and serum concentration of cytokines. However, control of immune functional responses by the circadian clock has remained relatively unexplored. In this study, we show that mouse lymph nodes exhibit rhythmic clock gene expression. T cells from lymph nodes collected over 24 h show a circadian variation in proliferation after stimulation via the TCR, which is blunted in Clock gene mutant mice. The tyrosine kinase ZAP70, which is just downstream of the TCR in the T cell activation pathway and crucial for T cell function, exhibits rhythmic protein expression. Lastly, mice immunized with OVA peptide-loaded dendritic cells in the day show a stronger specific T cell response than mice immunized at night. These data reveal circadian control of the Ag-specific immune response and a novel regulatory mode of T cell proliferation, and may provide clues for more efficient vaccination strategies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circadian Variation of the Response of T Cells to Antigen

Fortier¹,

Rooney²,

Dardente³

et al. 2011

The Journal of Immunology

156

171

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Does this point to a modulation of similar sets of secreted mediators, for example, cytokines, in the human pilosebacous unit by both CsA and PRL? Likewise, it is conceivable that CsA may modify rat pituitary PRL secretion (Esquifino et al, 1996) or even of intracutaneous PRL expression.…”

Section: Perspectives: the ''Prl-skin Connection''mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prolactin and the Skin: A Dermatological Perspective on an Ancient Pleiotropic Peptide Hormone

Foitzik

Langan

Paus

2009

Journal of Investigative Dermatology

103

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The polypeptide hormone prolactin (PRL) is best known as the pituitary modulator of lactation and reproduction. However, based on the almost ubiquitous distribution of PRL receptors (PRLR) and an ever-growing list of extrapituitary PRL-expressing tissues, a vast range of PRL actions "beyond the mammary horizon" has now been documented or claimed. For example, PRL modulates hair growth in domestic animals with seasonal hair growth changes ("PRL-pelage axis"). Given that the mammary gland is an epidermal derivative, it is not surprising that the pilosebaceous unit, another epidermal derivative, has also surfaced as a prominent, PRLR-expressing, nonclassical PRL target organ. Moreover, the fact that murine and human hair follicles even synthesize PRL strongly invites one to explore fully the dermatological dimensions of this multifunctional, cytokine-like neuroendocrine bioregulator, which remain insufficiently charted. After describing the relevant essentials of general PRL/PRLR biology, we summarize clinical observations that provide insights into how PRL may impact on the skin, and define important research frontiers and controversies in the quest to better characterize the complex role of PRL in human skin biology and pathology. Focusing on psoriasis, alopecia, and stress-related dermatoses, we then discuss the possible role of PRL/PRLR in cutaneous pathology, and identify potential therapeutic targets for the management of these skin disorders. We close by delineating major open questions at this emerging frontier of basic and clinical cutaneous neuroendocrinology, and argue that systematic exploration of the "PRL-skin connection" will fertilize the development of previously unreported neuroendocrinological strategies for managing selected skin disorders.

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“…Our attempt to assess the effect of cyclosporin A on the secretion of the hormones under study seems particularly interesting as some reports that this drug interferes with the functioning of animals’ endocrine system (30–33). This cyclic polypeptide is a strong immunosuppressant directed mainly against T helper lymphocytes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%