Possible involvement of superoxide anion in the induction of cyanide‐resistant respiration in <i>Hansenula anomala</i>

Minagawa, Nobuko; Koga, Satoshi; Nakano, Minoru; Sakajo, Shigeru; Yoshimoto, Akio

doi:10.1016/0014-5793(92)80444-l

Cited by 118 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…In the former, electron transport is coupled to ATP production, whereas the latter is nonphosphorylating and releases energy as heat. The physiological role of this alternative pathway may be to avoid overreduction of the electron transport chain and the subsequent production of reactive oxygen species in the cell (Minagawa et al, 1992;Purvis and Shewfelt, 1993). Stress conditions such as treatment with Cyt pathway inhibitors or cycloheximide, wounding, exposure to cold, and treatment with salicylic acid induce AOX synthesis (Minagawa and Yoshimoto, 1987;Hiser and McIntosh, 1990;Morohashi et al, 1991;McIntosh, 1992a, 1992b;Rhoads and McIntosh, 1993).…”

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confidence: 99%

Specificity of the Organic Acid Activation of Alternative Oxidase in Plant Mitochondria

et al. 1996

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l h e claim that succinate and malate can directly stimulate the activity of the alternative oxidase i n plant mitochondria (A.M. Wagner, C.W.M. van den Bergen, H. Wincencjusz [1995] Plant Physiol 108: 1035-1 042) was reinvestigated using sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas 1.) mitochondria. I n whole mitochondria, succinate (in the presence of malonate) and both i-and D-malate stimulated respiration via alternative oxidase in a pH-(and NAD+)-dependent manner. Solubilized malic enzyme catalyzed the oxidation of both i-and D-malate, although the latter at only a low rate and only at acid pH. I n submitochondrial particle preparations with negligible malic enzyme activity, neither i-nor o-malate stimulated alternative oxidase activity. However, even i n the presence of high malonate concentrations, some succinate oxidation was observed via the alternative oxidase, giving the impression of stimulation of the oxidase. Neither i-malate nor succinate (in the presence of malonate) changed the dependence of alternative oxidase activity on ubiquinone reduction state in submitochondrial particles. I n contrast, a large change in this dependence was observed upon addition of pyruvate. Half-maximal stimulation of alternative oxidase by pyruvate occurred at less than 5 p~ in submitochondrial particles, one-twentieth of that reported for whole mitochondria, suggesting that pyruvate acts on the inside of the mitochondrion.We suggest that malate and succinate do not directly stimulate alternative oxidase, and that reports to the contrary reflect intramitochondrial generation of pyruvate via malic enzyme.

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confidence: 99%

Specificity of the Organic Acid Activation of Alternative Oxidase in Plant Mitochondria

et al. 1996

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“…The apparent induction of alternative oxidase by superoxide in the yeast Hansenula anomala also suggests that it may be involved in reducing oxidative damage (Minigawa et al, 1992). Increased levels of alternative oxidase can presumably lower the level of reduced quinones only to a limited degree, since the alternative pathway is highly engaged only when the level of reduced quinones nears 40% (Dry et al, 1989).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chilling-Induced Heat Evolution in Plants

1995

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lncreases in respiration, particularly via the alternative pathway, are observed in response to chilling. These increases result in increased heat evolution. We have measured increases in heat evolution in response to chilling in a number of plant species using a microcalorimeter. After 8 h of exposure to 8"C, heat evolution in a variety of chilling-sensitive species increased 47 to 98%. No increase in heat evolution was seen with the extremely chillingsensitive ornamental Episcia cupreafa Hook. Heat evolution increased only 7 to 22% in the chilling-resistant species. lncreases in heat evolution were observed when plants were chilled in constant light or in the dark, but not when plants were chilled at high humidity. lncreased capacity to produce respiratory heat after exposure to chilling temperatures may contribute to the cold-acclimation process.Even within their normal habitat most plants are exposed to temperature changes, including diurna1 and seasonal changes, that can limit respiration, photosynthesis, and growth. Plants can be divided into severa1 categories on the basis of their sensitivity to low temperatures (Lyons, 1973). Chilling-resistant plants show little injury even at temperatures near 0°C. Chilling-sensitive plants are injured or killed by temperatures above freezing, typically showing signs of injury at temperatures from 5 to 15°C. Some chilling-sensitive plants can be hardened, i.e. they exhibit increased resistance to chilling stress after exposure to intermediate temperatures. A few extremely chillingsensitive plants, including ornamentals from the genus Episcia (Wilson, 1979), are severely injured by temperatures as high as 10°C and do not show hardening.Chilling-sensitive plants show a respiratory burst when returned to normal temperature after exposure to low temperature, and this often involves an increase in the cyanideinsensitive alternative respiratory pathway (Kiener and Bramlage, 1981; Elthon et al., 1986;McNulty and Cummins, 1987; Rychter et al., 1988;Stewart et al., 1990a). The alternative pathway found in vascular plants, algae, fungi, and some protists bypasses the second and third energy conservation sites of the Cyt pathway and directly dissipates energy as heat (Henry and Nyns, 1975). In a few special cases heat evolution by the alternative pathway serves a (Meeuse, 1975). However, the function of the alternative pathway in nonthermogenic plants is poorly understood. Salicylic acid, which is the trigger for the increase in alternative oxidase and heat evolution in the voodoo lily (Raskin et al., 1987), also increases alternative oxidase, alternative respiration, and heat production in tobacco suspension cultures (Kapulnik et al., 1992;Rhoads and McIntosh, 1993). These results suggest that the difference between thermogenic plants and others may be quantitative rather than qualitative.We showed previously that microcalorimetry can be used to detect chilling-induced increases in respiratory heat evolution in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) (Ordentlich et al., 1991). The incr...

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“…Numerous studies have shown that AOX is activated when antimycin (an inhibitor of Complex III in the main respiratory chain), is added to fungal cultures (Minagawa et al 1992;Uribe and Khachatourians 2008;). This property indicates that AOX overflows electrons when the cytochrome respiratory chain is inhibited or saturated.…”

Section: Aox Is Activated In the Presence Of Cytochrome Respiration Imentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is some evidence to support this hypothesis. In M. grisea, for example, active oxygen species are thought to be signal mediators to activate transcription of the AOX gene (Yukioka et al 1998), and the superoxide anion ( O 2 •-) is involved in the induction of cyanide-resistant-respiration (CRR) in the yeast H. anomala (Minagawa et al 1992). The presence of H 2 O 2 and menadione induces CRR in Pichia membranifaciens and Debaryomyces hansenii (Veiga et al 2003).…”

Section: The Role Of Aox In Oxidative Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative stress in fungal fermentation processes: the roles of alternative respiration

Bai

O’Donnell³

et al. 2010

Biotechnol Lett

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Filamentous fungi are arguably the most industrially important group of microorganisms.Production processes involving these simple eukaryotes are often highly aerobic in nature, which implies these cultures are routinely subject to oxidative stress. Despite this, little is known about how filamentous fungi cope with high levels of oxidative stress as experienced in fermenter systems. More surprisingly, much of our knowledge of oxidative stress responses in fungi comes from environmental or medical studies. Here, the current understanding of oxidative stress effects and cellular responses in filamentous fungi is critically discussed. In particular the role of alternative respiration is evaluated, and the contributions of the alternative oxidase and alternative dehydrogenases in defence against oxidative stress, and their profound influence on fungal metabolism is critically examined. Finally, the importance of further research which would underpin a less empirical approach to optimising fungal strains for the fermenter environment is emphasised.

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Possible involvement of superoxide anion in the induction of cyanide‐resistant respiration in Hansenula anomala

Cited by 118 publications

References 13 publications

Specificity of the Organic Acid Activation of Alternative Oxidase in Plant Mitochondria

Specificity of the Organic Acid Activation of Alternative Oxidase in Plant Mitochondria

Chilling-Induced Heat Evolution in Plants

Oxidative stress in fungal fermentation processes: the roles of alternative respiration

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