Possible Involvement of α-Farnesene in the Development of Chilling Injury in Bananas

Wills, R. B. H.; Bailey, Wilf Mc.; Scott, K. J.

doi:10.1104/pp.56.4.550

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…This is mainly due to the long held assertion that apples are relatively non chillingsensitive, and that the injury symptoms only occur after prolonged storage at very low temperatures. The likelihood of a-farnesene being involved in the development of CI in other fruits was first noted by Wills et al(1975) who found that bananas accumulated high levels of afarnesene when subjected to chilling. This study shows that a-farnesene was present in citrus fruit, and that it was closely involved in the development of CI in the fruit when chill stressed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chilling injury development of ‘Tahitian’ lime, ‘Emperor’ mandarin, ‘Marsh’ grapefruit and ‘Valencia’ orange

Yuen

Tridjaja

Wills³

et al. 1995

J Sci Food Agric

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The effect of varying levels of ethylene on the chilling injury (CI) development and the changes in the levels of putrescine, squalene and a-farnesene of 'Tahitian' lime (Citrus latgolia Tanaka), 'Emperor' mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco), 'Marsh' grapefruit (Citrus paradisi Macf) and 'Valencia' orange (Citrus sinensis L Osbeck) stored at 0°C was investigated. It was found that different citrus fruits stored at 0°C had varying sensitivity to CI, and that low levels of exogenous ethylene induced earlier and more severe CI in all citrus fruits. The levels of endogenous putrescine, squalene and a-farnesene varied between fruit, and was affected by the time of exposure at 0°C and the presence of ethylene. The patterns of change indicate that loss of squalene coupled with loss of afarnesene could be involved in induction of CI.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…has been shown by Nordby and McDonald (1990) to Recently, a number of studies have implicated possess protective properties against CI development in putrescine, squalene and a-farnesene of being involved grapefruit. Wills et al (1975) implicated the unsaturated in the low temperature injury of plant products.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chilling injury development of ‘Tahitian’ lime, ‘Emperor’ mandarin, ‘Marsh’ grapefruit and ‘Valencia’ orange

Yuen

Tridjaja

Wills³

et al. 1995

J Sci Food Agric

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“…Comparison of the α-farnesene content of 'Delicious' apples stored at 0 °C and 5 °C revealed that α-farnesene biosynthesis is 1.5-to 3-fold higher at 0 °C than at 5 °C at 8 and 10 weeks after harvest (data not presented). Wills et al (1975) found that αfarnesene levels of 'Dwarf Cavendish' bananas (Musa acuminata Colla) can be induced by low temperature storage. As well, in 'Anjou' pears (Pyrus communis L.) that contain similar levels of α-farnesene as in apples, α-farnesene levels can be increased 6fold by holding fruit for 3 d at 0 °C compared with those stored at 10 °C (Rupasinghe, Paliyath and Murr, unpublished data).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sesquiterpene α-Farnesene Synthase: Partial Purification, Characterization, and Activity in Relation to Superficial Scald Development in Apples

Rupasinghe¹,

Paliyath²,

Murr³

2000

jashs

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To decipher the relation between α-farnesene metabolism and the development of superficial scald in apples, trans,trans-α-farnesene synthase, the enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of farnesyl pyrophosphate to α-farnesene, was partially purified from skin tissue of `Delicious' apples (Malus ×domestica Borkh.) and characterized. Total and specific activities of the enzyme were higher in the cytosolic fraction than in membrane fractions. α-Farnesene synthase was purified 70-fold from the cytosolic fraction by ion exchange chromatography and gel permeation, and the native molecular weight was estimated to be 108,000. The enzyme had optimal activity at a pH of 5.6 and absolutely required a divalent metal ion such as Mg2+ or Mn2+ for activity. It exhibited allosteric kinetics, S(0.5) for farnesyl pyrophosphate being 84±18 μmol·L-1, and a Hill coefficient (nH) of 2.9, indicating the number of subunits to be two or three. Enzyme activity was highest between 10 and 20 °C, while 50% of the maximal activity was retained at 0 °C. In vivo α-farnesene synthase activity was minimal at harvest, then increased rapidly during 16 weeks storage in air at 0 °C, and decreased during further storage. Activity of α-farnesene synthase, α-farnesene content, and conjugated triene alcohol (the putative scald-causing oxidation product of α-farnesene) content in skin tissue were not correlated to the inherent nature of scald susceptibility or resistance in 11 apple cultivars tested.

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“…The inhibition of farnesene production has been shown to significantly decrease oxidative cell injury. 21,22 This effect, however has not been previously demonstrated in mammalian studies…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…20 Farnesene, a close derivative of Z,Z-farnesol, has been found to play a significant role during oxidative injury of eukaryotic cells. 21,22,23 When the autoxidation of this compound occurs in-vivo, cell injury and death have been observed. The inhibition of farnesene production has been shown to significantly decrease oxidative cell injury.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Exhaled Volatile Compounds Following Acute Superior Mesenteric Artery Occlusion in a Pilot Rat Study

Jiménez

DeLano

Wilson

et al. 2011

Annals of Vascular Surgery

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Background Prompt diagnosis and treatment of acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI) requires a high index of suspicion for timely management. Poor clinical outcomes and delays in surgical treatment are demonstrated even in modern clinical series. Recognition of exhaled volatile organic compounds (VOC’s) specific to AMI may facilitate early detection and diagnosis and improve patient outcomes. Study Design Adult Wistar Rats (n=5) were intubated and anesthetized and control tracheostomy breath samples were collected using Tedlar gas sample bags. Intestinal ischemia was induced by placing an occlusive clip across the superior mesenteric artery and breath samples were collected following one hour of intestinal ischemia and following 15 minutes of intestinal reperfusion. Gas chromatography was used to identify and measure levels the VOC’s obtained and measured retention indices were compared with known values in the Kovats Retention Index. Results Multiple retention indices (n=41)) were noted on gas chromatography representing a variety of VOC’s detected. Z,Z,-farnesol (C15H26O), an isoprenoid, was the only compound detected which was undetectable during the control phase (median=0 Cts/sec, range=0) but significantly elevated during the ischemic and reperfusion phases(median=34 Cts/sec, range=25–37) and (median=148 Cts/sec. range=42–246), respectively. Three other isoprenoid compounds: E,E-alpha-farnesene, germacrene-A, and Z,Z-4,6,8-megastigmatriene were also detected in all five animals, but their levels did not differ significantly between control, ischemic and reperfusion phases. Conclusions This pilot study demonstrates the feasibility of analyzing exhaled VOC’s using a novel rat model for acute mesenteric ischemia. These findings may be useful for the development and identification of similar assays for the rapid diagnosis of acute mesenteric ischemia.

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Possible Involvement of α-Farnesene in the Development of Chilling Injury in Bananas

Cited by 10 publications

References 8 publications

Chilling injury development of ‘Tahitian’ lime, ‘Emperor’ mandarin, ‘Marsh’ grapefruit and ‘Valencia’ orange

Chilling injury development of ‘Tahitian’ lime, ‘Emperor’ mandarin, ‘Marsh’ grapefruit and ‘Valencia’ orange

Sesquiterpene α-Farnesene Synthase: Partial Purification, Characterization, and Activity in Relation to Superficial Scald Development in Apples

Analysis of Exhaled Volatile Compounds Following Acute Superior Mesenteric Artery Occlusion in a Pilot Rat Study

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