Possible mechanism for explaining the concretion of unearthed silk fabrics

Jiao, Jinpeng; Zheng, Hailing; Jia, Rui; Zhou, Yang; Cao, Xiaoye; Huang, Ju; Xia, Runtao; Weng, Yun; Kang, Xiaojing; Yu, Jianjun; Peng, Zhiqin

doi:10.1016/j.culher.2023.09.001

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 25 publications

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“…In addition, several physical/chemical factors could accelerate the degradation of SFs, such as temperature change, illumination, and exposure to acids, oxides, metallic compounds, biological contaminants, etc . Thus, a majority of unearthed SFs are subject to different extents of rotting or even pulverization. , For these reasons, developing advanced technologies for the consolidation and shaping of rotten/pulverized SFs (RPSFs) is of vital importance and has drawn tremendous attention. − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resisting Pulverization of Silk Cultural Relics through 3D Structural Shaping and Mechanical Reinforcement

Zhu,

Wu,

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater.

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Developing advanced technologies for the consolidation and shaping of rotten/pulverized silk fabrics (RPSFs) is of vital historical and cultural value, but currently reported strategies are still far from satisfactory. In this regard, a poly(ethylenimine)/ poly(ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether/isopropyl palmitate (PEI/PEGDE/IPP) method was proposed in this work. Briefly, a spatially adaptive three-dimensional (3D) cross-linked PEI/PEGDE framework was constructed around the silk fiber bundles of an RPSF to enhance its structural integrity, strength, toughness, and elasticity through successive soaking of the RPSF in an ethanol solution of branched PEI molecules and an acetone solution of PEGDE molecules. Then, IPP molecules were introduced into the PEI/PEGDE framework through soaking the PEI/PEGDE-treated RPSF in an ethanol solution of IPP molecules (1 wt %) to improve the softness and ductility of RPSF. Through three systematic orthogonal experiments (i.e., stiffness, chromaticity variation, and mechanical properties), the optimal initial feeding composition of PEI and PEGDE was screened and determined to be 2 and 2 wt %, respectively. A series of compositions and structural identifications indicated that the consolidation/shaping mechanism of the PEI/ PEGDE/IPP method fitted with our initial theoretical assumption. Besides, the PEI/PEGDE/IPP treatment increased the ordered arrangement of the interchain domain and the fiber axis of RPSFs and, therefore, could enhance the antitearing capability of RPSF, which posed a positive influence on the long-term preservation of RPSFs. When being applied to true RPSF historical relics (Han Dynasty), the PEI/PEGDE/IPP treatment did not change their morphology, geometry, color, and texture but could improve the mechanical stability of RPSFs to some extent. Thus, the reported PEI/PEGDE/IPP method is promising for the preservation of RPSF historical relics in the future.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resisting Pulverization of Silk Cultural Relics through 3D Structural Shaping and Mechanical Reinforcement

Zhu,

Wu,

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater.

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Archaeological textiles preserved by copper mineralization

Jia,

Zheng,

Chen

et al. 2024

Herit Sci

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The mineralization mechanism responsible for the fossilization of archaeological textiles in close proximity to metal artifacts presents a sophisticated preservation process at both macro and micro levels. This study examines archaeological textiles dating from 2200 BC to AD 1900, sourced from three distinct archaeological sites. The focus is on understanding the microstructural degradation of fibers within a specific burial environment and the preservation achieved through mineralization. These archaeological fibers of archaeological textiles exhibit morphological preservation in the immediate vicinity of copper-based objects. Utilizing tools such as a digital camera, scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM–EDS), high-resolution synchrotron-based microtomography (μCT), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), we examined fiber morphology, conducted elemental analysis, identified fiber types, and analyzed fiber characteristics. Our findings reveal the presence of smooth-surfaced wools and silks, fibers covered with calculi, and fiber impressions—all subjected to mineralization. These mineralized fibers can be categorized into three distinct stages of mineralization, each exhibiting varying carbon content. We inferred a correlation between mineralization rate and carbon content while also identifying mineralization density distribution on these textiles. Lastly, this study provides insights into the preservation states of textiles across three different mineralization stages, enriching our understanding of the deterioration of organic archaeological material.

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Possible mechanism for explaining the concretion of unearthed silk fabrics

Cited by 2 publications

References 25 publications

Resisting Pulverization of Silk Cultural Relics through 3D Structural Shaping and Mechanical Reinforcement

Resisting Pulverization of Silk Cultural Relics through 3D Structural Shaping and Mechanical Reinforcement

Archaeological textiles preserved by copper mineralization

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