2020
DOI: 10.1103/physrevresearch.2.013210
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Possible nonequilibrium imprint in the cosmic background at low frequencies

Abstract: The cosmic background radiation has been observed to deviate from the Planck law expected from a blackbody at ∼ 2.7 K at frequencies below ∼ 3 GHz. We discuss the abundance of the low-energy photons from the perspective of nonequilibrium statistical mechanics by specifying an evolution to a frequency distribution fitting the observed discrepancies. We mention possible physical mechanisms that enter the derivation of that dynamics, where a low-frequency localization is combined with photon cooling as result of … Show more

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Cited by 16 publications
(11 citation statements)
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“…These mathematical conditions need further scrutiny, in more realistic cases, but are relatively minimal, hence hint at a wide applicability of the theory. The investigation of physical applications of this theory is just at the beginning; many are indeed the cases in which perturbations cannot be taken as small compared to the reference signals; they range from nano-technology to geophysical and even astrophysical phenomena [ 58 ].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…These mathematical conditions need further scrutiny, in more realistic cases, but are relatively minimal, hence hint at a wide applicability of the theory. The investigation of physical applications of this theory is just at the beginning; many are indeed the cases in which perturbations cannot be taken as small compared to the reference signals; they range from nano-technology to geophysical and even astrophysical phenomena [ 58 ].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…We want (23) to correspond to a Boltzmann equation where the total number of electrons and photons is conserved. It suffices here to invoke dynamical reversibility in the form…”
Section: The Boltzmann-master Equationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Apart from talking with history and reviewing part of the existing literature on the derivation of the Kompaneets equation, we are motivated by exploring possible extensions. Our motivation for a better understanding of the Kompaneets physics is based on [23] where the fascinating hypothesis was formulated of a nonequilibrium effect modifying the Planck spectrum in the cosmic background radiation. We do not quite continue that search in the present paper, but in Section 6 we give generalizations and some possible nonequilibrium extensions of the Kompaneets equation.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, we invite the reader to check, for example, [22,34] for the covariant formalism. These two versions are equivalent to each other, provided that we use the rates (23) to connect them. On the other hand, once the link is established, we can regard the Kompaneets equation as the nonrelativistic limit of either Boltzmann equation, which here is concretely realized as the second-order expansion in the energy shift, as expressed in the integrals (38) and (39).…”
Section: Diffusion Approximation To the Boltzmann Equationmentioning
confidence: 99%