Possible Protective Role of Chloramphenicol in TSST-1 and Coagulase-Positive Staphylococcus aureus-Induced Septic Arthritis with Altered Levels of Inflammatory Mediators

Majumdar, S. K.; Dutta, Kallol; Manna, Sunil K.; Basu, Anirban; Bishayi, Biswadev

doi:10.1007/s10753-010-9233-0

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The rate of change in absorbance was measured spectrophotometrically at 405 nm. MPO enzyme activity has been defined as the concentration of enzyme degrading 1 μ m of peroxide/min at 37 °C and was expressed as change in absorbance/min/mg of protein .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gentamicin in Combination with Ascorbic Acid Regulates the severity of Staphylococcus aureus Infection–Induced Septic Arthritis in Mice

et al. 2012

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To study the effects of gentamicin in combination with ascorbic acid on septic arthritis, mice were infected with Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and treated with gentamicin, which was given at 5 mg/kg after 24 h of infection, followed by ascorbic acid, given at 20 mg/kg body weight after 2 h of gentamicin treatment. Mice were sacrificed at 3, 9, 15 days post-infection (dpi). Combined treatment of infected mice with gentamicin and ascorbic acid eradicated the bacteria from the blood, spleen and synovial tissue and showed a significant gross reduction in arthritis, reduced serum levels of tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-a) and interferon gamma (IFN-c). S. aureus-infected mice have demonstrated the disturbed antioxidant status measured in terms of cellular antioxidants like reduced glutathione and antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase. The same were ameliorated when the animals were co-treated with gentamicin along with ascorbic acid.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gentamicin in Combination with Ascorbic Acid Regulates the severity of Staphylococcus aureus Infection–Induced Septic Arthritis in Mice

et al. 2012

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“…Quinupristin-dalfopristin decreased the concentration of pro-inflammatory cell wall components (lipoteichoic acid and teichoic acid) and TNF activity in cerebrospinal fluid compared to the ceftriaxone-treated rabbits [57]. A previous report showed that chloramphenicol, a member of the phenicols group, elevated the IL-10 levels, a potent anti-inflammatory cytokine [58].…”

Section: Lincosamides Streptogramins and Phenicolsmentioning

confidence: 89%

A Review: Antimicrobial Therapy for Human Pythiosis

2022

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Human pythiosis is associated with poor prognosis with significant mortality caused by Pythium insidiosum. Antimicrobials' in vitro and in vivo results against P. insidiosum are inconsistent. Although antimicrobials are clinically useful, they are not likely to achieve therapeutic success alone without surgery and immunotherapy. New therapeutic options are therefore needed. This non-exhaustive review discusses the rationale antimicrobial therapy, minimum inhibitory concentrations, and efficacy of antibacterial and antifungal agents against P. insidiosum. This review further provides insight into the immunomodulating effects of antimicrobials that can enhance the immune response to infections. Current data support using antimicrobial combination therapy for the pharmacotherapeutic management of human pythiosis. Also, the success or failure of antimicrobial treatment in human pythiosis might depend on the immunomodulatory effects of drugs. The repurposing of existing drugs is a safe strategy for anti-P. insidiosum drug discovery. To improve patient outcomes in pythiosis, we suggest further research and a deeper understanding of P. insidiosum virulence factors, host immune response, and host immune system modification by antimicrobials.

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“…The incidence of the rash was lower in the CHL-PRED versus the CHL arm; however, the difference was not significant, potentially due to the limited size of our cohort. CHL is an antibacterial agent, which offers good coverage of most S. aureus infection strains and also bears anti-inflammatory properties [28][29][30], and PRED is a non-fluorinated low-potency steroid, with an anti-inflammatory effect. In our clinical practice, we indeed observe a marked improvement in a fraction of the patients with active EGFRI-induced papulopustular rash, using this combination.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chloramphenicol (CHL) is an antibacterial agent with some anti-inflammatory properties, [28][29][30], and prednisolone (PRED) is a low-potency steroid, with an anti-inflammatory effect. As the pathophysiology of the papulopustular rash is inflammatory [31][32][33], a combination of these agents seemed a promising prophylactic option.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prophylactic Topical Treatment for EGFR Inhibitor-Induced Papulopustular Rash: A Randomized Clinical Trial

et al. 2020

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Background: The incidence of epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor (EGFRI)-induced papulopustular rash is 60–85%. Objective: To investigate prophylactic topical treatment for EGFRI-induced rash. Methods: A single-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Adult cancer patients initiating treatment with EGFRIs were randomized to receive facial topical treatment with chloramphenicol 3% + prednisolone 0.5% (CHL-PRED) ointment, chloramphenicol 3% (CHL) ointment, or aqua cream (AQUA). The primary end points were the incidence of ≥grade 3 rash using the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE), on days 14 and 30. A subanalysis was conducted for incidence of a protocol-specified significant rash, defined as ≥10 facial papulopustular lesions. Results: The per-protocol analysis on day 14 included 69 patients, who received CHL-PRED (21), CHL (23), or AQUA (25). The incidence of CTCAE ≥grade 3 rash was not statistically significant between arms; however, the incidence of the protocol-specified significant rash was: CHL-PRED 14%, CHL 39%, and AQUA 48% (p = 0.03, CHL-PRED vs. AQUA). At 30 days, the CTCAE ≥grade 3 incidence was similar, but the incidences of protocol-specified significant rash were 6%, 16%, and 43% (p = 0.03, CHL-PRED vs. AQUA). No significant differences were found between CHL and CHL-PRED and between CHL and AQUA. Conclusions: Prophylactic topical CHL-PRED was efficacious when compared to AQUA, in the treatment of EGFRI-induced facial papulopustular rash.

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Possible Protective Role of Chloramphenicol in TSST-1 and Coagulase-Positive Staphylococcus aureus-Induced Septic Arthritis with Altered Levels of Inflammatory Mediators

Cited by 12 publications

References 43 publications

Gentamicin in Combination with Ascorbic Acid Regulates the severity of Staphylococcus aureus Infection–Induced Septic Arthritis in Mice

Gentamicin in Combination with Ascorbic Acid Regulates the severity of Staphylococcus aureus Infection–Induced Septic Arthritis in Mice

A Review: Antimicrobial Therapy for Human Pythiosis

Prophylactic Topical Treatment for EGFR Inhibitor-Induced Papulopustular Rash: A Randomized Clinical Trial

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