Possible role of glycosaminoglycans in reducing the uptake of human lipoproteins by the arterial wall

Capurso, Antonio; Pace, Leonardo; Resta, Francesco; Riso, V.; Monte, De; Bonomo, Lorenzo

doi:10.1016/s0031-6989(79)80074-0

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In addition, LDL may also enter the vessel more freely in blue than white areas, and LDL-GAG complexes formed within areas of high permeability may then return to the blood stream. 38 This would be consistent with the comparatively late appearance of extracellular lipid in hyperlipemic animals. In studies of PG, visualized with ruthenium red in the wall of the deendothelialized rabbit aorta, 13 we reported a reduction in PG to below normal values in areas of high permeability to Evans blue dye, supporting the concept that increased permeability is related to reduced PG concentration in the vessel wall, associated with loss of covering endothelial cells.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

“…This, in turn, results in increased permeability and subendothelial edema. 38 This hemodynamic stress would be comparable in cholesterol-fed pigs. The increased permeability of the blue areas may also allow an increased influx of nonspecific proteases from the plasma, resulting in the degradation of PG within the vessel wall.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…38 Hemodynamic stress has also been correlated with uptake of Evans blue dye and damage to the endothelium. 37 The lower PG concentration in blue areas may, in part, be the result of the hemodynamic stress-induced damage to the endothelial cells which results in death and sloughing of endothelial cells and the loss of the small granules associated with these cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Proteoglycan distribution in areas of differing permeability to Evans blue dye in the aortas of young pigs. An ultrastructural study.

Richardson¹,

Gerrity²,

Alavi³

et al. 1982

Arteriosclerosis

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We studied proteoglycan distribution In areas of spontaneously occurring high and low permeability by TEM examination of ruthenium red-stained sections of the aortic arch of normollpemlc and hyperllpemlc pigs. We noted granules of two sizes: those smaller than 20 nm contained heparan sulphate, and those from 20 to 50 nm In size contained chondroltln or dermatan sulphate. In the aortas of pigs fed a normal diet, there were significantly more granules of both types In low permeability areas than in areas permeable to Evans blue dye. This is consistent with the theory that glycosamlnoglycan provides a component for the control of aortic permeability. 4 It has been shown that permeable areas accumulate more cholesterol than contiguous, less permeable areas, when the animal studied has been fed a hypercholesterolemic diet.5 Such areas have generally been considered the sites where the initial stages of the atherosclerotic process develop. 6In lipid-fed animals, early atherogenic changes have been described in anatomical locations similar to those that are permeable to Evans blue in macroscopically normal vessels.16 " 8 More recently Gerrity et al. 9 have shown that, in the prelesion stages in swine fed an atherogenic diet, more monocytes accumulate on the endothelial surface of the areas per- meable to Evans blue dye than on the impermeable areas, and that lipid-filled monocytes were present in the intima of blue areas but not in the white areas. Subsequently, raised fatty lesions developed in the arch within the confines of the Evans blue dye uptake.10

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Proteoglycan distribution in areas of differing permeability to Evans blue dye in the aortas of young pigs. An ultrastructural study.

Richardson¹,

Gerrity²,

Alavi³

et al. 1982

Arteriosclerosis

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“…These cell membrane constituents bind to LDL [26, 29,301, and at least proteoglycans and glycoproteins are known to interfere with the binding of LDL to the LDL receptor [30,311. Moreover, mammalian non-aortic glycosaminoglycans have been shown to reduce the electrophoretic mobility of LDL through the formation of aggregates of LDL [32], which is in line with our findings.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Low density lipoprotein receptor determination in peripheral blood mononuclear cells: Influence of differences in cell concentration

Leren

Blomhoff

Berg

1986

Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation

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Low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor determination in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) is influenced by differences in cell concentration. As the cell concentration increases, measured LDL receptor activity decreases. This inter-relationship is caused by a PBMC-induced modification of 125I-LDL. The PBMC-modified 125I-LDL results from shedding of polyanionic cell membrane constituents that subsequently bind to 125I-LDL, and has reduced capacity of binding to the LDL receptors, to the cell membrane independent of the receptors and even to plastic. The cell membrane constituents contain sulphate, have a MW = 200,000-300,000, are heat stable and are rapidly released at 37 degrees C as well as at 4 degrees C. They probably represent a heterogeneous group of proteoglycans, glycoproteins and glycolipids. The higher the cell concentration is, the more polyanionic cell membrane constituents are released, and at high concentrations they may even form aggregates of LDL. We conclude that differences in PBMC concentration interfere with LDL receptor analyses through shedding of different amounts of polyanionic cell membrane constituents into the medium. Thus, standardisation of the experimental procedures with respect to cell number is of great importance in LDL receptor determination in PBMCs.

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Formation of high density lipoprotein-like particles from chylomicrons

Capurso

Catapano

Mills

et al. 1982

La Ricerca Clin. Lab.

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Possible role of glycosaminoglycans in reducing the uptake of human lipoproteins by the arterial wall

Cited by 5 publications

References 11 publications

Proteoglycan distribution in areas of differing permeability to Evans blue dye in the aortas of young pigs. An ultrastructural study.

Proteoglycan distribution in areas of differing permeability to Evans blue dye in the aortas of young pigs. An ultrastructural study.

Low density lipoprotein receptor determination in peripheral blood mononuclear cells: Influence of differences in cell concentration

Formation of high density lipoprotein-like particles from chylomicrons

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