Possible Signs of Life on the Planet Venus

Abstract

It is possible, the question on the existence of extraterrestrial life will be answered not as a result of its search for in other worlds removed by distances of dozens of parsecs but on the surface of Venus, i.e., of the nearest planet of the Solar system. The search for "habitable zones" in extrasolar planetary systems is based on the postulate on "normal" physical conditions, i.e., the pressure, temperature, and maybe atmospheric composition similar to those on Earth. But could not such an approach be a kind of "terrestrial chauvinism"? Considering the conditions on Venus as a possible analogue of physical conditions on low-orbiting exoplanets of the "super-Earths" type, a new analysis of Venusian surface panoramas' details has been made. These images were produced by the VENERA landers in 1975 and 1982. A few relatively large objects were found with size ranging from a decimeter to half meter and with unusual morphology. The objects were observed in some images, but were absent in the other or altered their shape. The article presents the obtained results and analyzes the evidence of reality of these objects.

Signs of hypothetical fauna of Venus

“…Local time was also at approximately 10 am, with a solar zenith angle of 36°. The scene illumination reached 3.5 kLx [2,6]. In both cases, the transmission of images began with a one-minute delay after landing to prevent any dust from obscuring the optical view.…”

“…[2][3]1983, presented the main results of the VENERA-13 and -14 missions. The methodology of the television experiments on the surface of Venus and the date and list of the experimental data have been discussed in detail in [1,2,4] and are not repeated here. Some remarks on the critical features of the treatment used are given below.…”

“…These objects hypothetically have characteristics of living creatures -flora or fauna. At the initial stage of the investigation, mainly panoramas of VENERA -9 and -VENERA -13 were used, in which relatively large objects were found, such as "scorpion", "mushroom", "bear" and "owl" [1,2,8,9]. Figure 2.…”

“…The studies published previously [1][2][3]5] have reported on the positive results of searches for hypothetical forms of fauna and flora on Venus. The conclusions were based on the newly processed panoramic images of the Venusian surface, which had been obtained more than 30 years ago.…”

“…In total, there were 41 images or their fragments returned by the landers' cameras in 1975 and 1982 [2,4]. Until now, 11 or 12 unusual objects were found, analyzed and discussed in relevant EPJ Web of Conferences 00072-p. 4 publications.…”