This work is aimed at providing a direct analytical method for powdered materials collected on cellulose filters. The origin and composition of these materials may be very different. The analytical technique employed was X‐ray fluorescence spectrometry without preliminary treatment of samples.
It is known that different thickness of thin deposits, due for example to different sampling condition, cause some difficulties on the correct accomplishment of the analysis. To eliminate this drawback the basic principles characterising the behaviour of X‐ray penetration in the matter, were developed, thus leading to some equations, applicable to the analysis of the following kinds of samples: (a) sample of infinite thickness for X‐ray penetration; (b) sample of finite thickness below the critical value; (c) sample of infinite thickness placed over the sample of finite thickness.
The equation relating to case (c) was then applied to the analysis of powdered materials collected on cellulose filters.
A suitable plate of a selected metal was placed over the sample, and the fluorescence radiations intensity values of the element to be analysed were recorded together with the intensity of the radiation emitted by the plate.
By substituting some terms of the above mentioned equation with experimental data, X‐ray intensity values were corrected, and then independent measurements were performed on the sample thickness.
This work described both the theoretical part and the experimental procedures with results showing the method's reliability.