2 The molecular arrangement and surface morphology of organized molecular films of alkylammoniumM bis(1, 3dithiole2thione4, 5dithiolate) ((dmit) 2 , M = Ni, Au, and Pd) chargetransfer complexes were investigated by using the surface pressure-area isotherm, inplane and outof plane Xray diffractions (XRD), and atomic force microscopy. In the bulk state, several alkylammoniumM(dmit) 2 molecules could not form a highly ordered layer structure along the axis and a subcell structure of the alkyl chain in the plane; however, almost all molecules formed a layer structure in the film multilayers. Monolayers of alkylammoniumM(dmit) 2 salts on the water surface were relatively condensed. Outof planeandinplaneXRDmeasurementsrevealedthatoveralongperiod,systematicchangesoccurredinthe twodimensional lattice of alkylammoniumM(dmit) 2 salts and not in their bulk state. These structural changes appear to be caused by enhancement of the van der Waals interaction among long hydrocarbons and the ππ interaction among M(dmit) 2 units arranged twodimensionally. In addition, both the molecular arrangement and the morphology of the films showed dependence on the hydrocarbon length, number of alkyl chains, and kind of central metal. In particular, the molecular arrangement of materials havingdidecylchainschangeddrasticallyandM(dmit) 2 unitswerehighlyorientedintheplane. Keywords: alkylammoniummetal(dmit) 2 ; layer structure; twodimensional lattice; molecular arrangement; surfacemorphology Alkylammoniummetal bis(1, 3dithiole2 thione4, 5dithiolate) (M(dmit) 2 ) complexes exhibit a variety of electrical properties ranging from dielectric to superconducting. 1 LangmuirBlodgett (LB) films of dialkyl ammoniumAu(dmit) 2 salts exhibited a high lateral conductivity of 40-100 S/cm at room temperature after electrochemical oxidation or I 2 doping; these films also showed metallic temperature dependence of the conductivity.2 Furthermore, the ac magnetic susceptibility and resistance of these films suggested the existence of a superconducting phase below 4 K.3 Nakamura et al. conducted pioneering studies on structural and conductive properties of LB films containing M(dmit) 2 with various central metals.4 Miura and Sugi conducted extensive research on conductiveLBfilmsofchargetransfercomplexes containingdimt.2,3,5 It has been elucidated that fieldeffect doping (FEdoping)isaneffective carrierdoping method...