Post-anthesis nitrate uptake is critical to yield and grain protein content in Sorghum bicolor

Worland, Belinda; Robinson, Nicole; Jordan, David R.; Schmidt, Susanne; Godwin, Ian D.

doi:10.1016/j.jplph.2017.05.026

Cited by 21 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Finally, it is also possible that grain N loading in Brachypodium Bd21-3 is mainly based on post-anthesis N uptake, rather than on N remobilization. A similar case has been reported for instance in sorghum 75,76 and in stay-green maize genotypes 77 . In the case of Brachypodium, the relative importance of post-anthesis NO 3 − uptake could be related to the non-domesticated nature of the species.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

Developmental and physiological responses of Brachypodium distachyon to fluctuating nitrogen availability

David¹,

Girin²,

Fleurisson³

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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The Nitrogen Use Efficiency (NUE) of grain cereals depends on nitrate (NO 3 − ) uptake from the soil, translocation to the aerial parts, nitrogen (N) assimilation and remobilization to the grains. Brachypodium distachyon has been proposed as a model species to identify the molecular players and mechanisms that affects these processes, for the improvement of temperate C3 cereals. We report on the developmental, physiological and grain-characteristic responses of the Bd21-3 accession of Brachypodium to variations in NO 3 − availability. As previously described in wheat and barley, we show that vegetative growth, shoot/root ratio, tiller formation, spike development, tissue NO 3 − and N contents, grain number per plant, grain yield and grain N content are sensitive to pre- and/or post-anthesis NO 3 − supply. We subsequently described constitutive and NO 3 − -inducible components of both High and Low Affinity Transport Systems (HATS and LATS) for root NO 3 − uptake, and BdNRT2/3 candidate genes potentially involved in the HATS. Taken together, our data validate Brachypodium Bd21-3 as a model to decipher cereal N nutrition. Apparent specificities such as high grain N content, strong post-anthesis NO 3 − uptake and efficient constitutive HATS, further identify Brachypodium as a direct source of knowledge for crop improvement.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

Developmental and physiological responses of Brachypodium distachyon to fluctuating nitrogen availability

David¹,

Girin²,

Fleurisson³

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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“…This indicates that root N uptake efficiency may be a stable trait of wheat cultivars, being less affected by N availability. Possibly, N related gene expression, transport and metabolic pathways might have varied among cultivars (Worland et al, 2017;Sestili et al, 2018), resulting in increased root N uptake efficiency in modern cultivars. Reduced RLD but increased root N uptake efficiency during several decades of selection for yield was also reported by Aziz et al (2017) in Australia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modern wheat cultivars have greater root nitrogen uptake efficiency than old cultivars

Zhang

2020

J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci.

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The availability of nitrogen (N) contained in crop residues for a following crop may vary with cultivar, depending on root traits and the interaction between roots and soil. We used a pot experiment to investigate the effects of six spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars (three old varieties introduced before mid last century and three modern varieties) and N fertilization on the ability of wheat to acquire N from maize (Zea mays L.) straw added to soil. Wheat was grown in a soil where 15N‐labeled maize straw had been incorporated with or without N fertilization. Higher grain yield in three modern and one old cultivar was ascribed to preferred allocation of photosynthate to aboveground plant parts and from vegetative organs to grains. Root biomass, root length density and root surface area were all smaller in modern than in old cultivars at both anthesis and maturity. Root mean diameter was generally similar between modern and old cultivars at anthesis but was greater in modern than in old cultivars at maturity. There were cultivar differences in N uptake from incorporated maize straw and the other N sources (soil and fertilizer). However, these differences were not related to variation in the measured root parameters among the six cultivars. At anthesis, total N uptake efficiencies by roots (total N uptake per root weight or root length) were greater in modern than in old cultivars within each fertilization level. At maturity, averaged over fertilization levels, the total N uptake efficiencies by roots were 292−336 mg N g−1 roots or 3.2−4.0 mg N m−1 roots for three modern cultivars, in contrast to 132−213 mg N g−1 roots or 0.93−1.6 mg N m−1 roots for three old cultivars. Fertilization enhanced the utilization of N from maize straw by all cultivars, but root N uptake efficiencies were less affected. We concluded that modern spring wheat cultivars had higher root N uptake efficiency than old cultivars.

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“…This partitioning of N within sorghum plant parts has been documented to follow the same trend with low-and high-input treatments, as well as under rain-fed or irrigated conditions (McHenry, 2016). Contrary to these results, it has been reported that leaf sheaths and leaf blades are the predominant N sink in sorghum, and high levels of N application (10 mM KNO 3 ) given at 55 days after sowing resulted in a fourfold higher nitrate concentration in leaf sheaths compared to the control (Worland et al, 2017). Moreover, under N-deficient conditions, the demand for N from the leaves becomes proportionally greater than that from the stem (van Oosterom et al, 2010a).…”

Section: Nitrogen Partitioning and Stay-green Trait In Sorghummentioning

confidence: 89%

Enhancing Sorghum Yield Through Efficient Use of Nitrogen – Challenges and Opportunities

et al. 2022

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Sorghum is an important crop, which is widely used as food, forage, fodder and biofuel. Despite its natural adaption to resource-poor and stressful environments, increasing yield potential of sorghum under more favorable conditions holds promise. Nitrogen is the most important nutrient for crops, having a dynamic impact on all growth, yield, and grain-quality-determining processes. Thus, increasing nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in sorghum would provide opportunities to achieve higher yield and better-quality grain. NUE is a complex trait, which is regulated by several genes. Hence, exploring genetic diversity for NUE can help to develop molecular markers associated with NUE, which can be utilized to develop high NUE sorghum genotypes with greater yield potential. Research on improving NUE in sorghum suggests that, under water-deficit conditions, traits such as stay-green and altered canopy architecture, and under favorable conditions, traits such as an optimized stay-green and senescence ratio and efficient N translocation to grain, are potential breeding targets to develop high NUE sorghum genotypes. Hence, under a wide range of environments, sorghum breeding programs will need to reconsider strategies and develop breeding programs based on environment-specific trait(s) for better adaptation and improvement in productivity and grain quality. Unprecedented progress in sensor-based technology and artificial intelligence in high-throughput phenotyping has provided new horizons to explore complex traits in situ, such as NUE. A better understanding of the genetics and molecular pathways involving NUE, accompanied by targeted high-throughput sensor-based indices, is critical for identifying lines or developing management practices to enhance NUE in sorghum.

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Post-anthesis nitrate uptake is critical to yield and grain protein content in Sorghum bicolor

Cited by 21 publications

References 52 publications

Developmental and physiological responses of Brachypodium distachyon to fluctuating nitrogen availability

Developmental and physiological responses of Brachypodium distachyon to fluctuating nitrogen availability

Modern wheat cultivars have greater root nitrogen uptake efficiency than old cultivars

Enhancing Sorghum Yield Through Efficient Use of Nitrogen – Challenges and Opportunities

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