Post-antibiotic effect of orbifloxacin against Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from dogs

Harada, Kazuki; Shimizu, Takefumi; Kataoka, Yuki; Takahashi, Toshio

doi:10.1186/1751-0147-54-16

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Previously, orbifloxacin and enrofloxacin were tested against E. coli or Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the strains with higher MICs contributed to shorter PAE and PA‐SME versus those with lower MICs (Harada et al . ). However, for the eight isolates/strains used in this study, with the same MICs, they exhibited different persisting suppression periods of bacterial growth.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Postantibiotic effect and postantibiotic sub-minimum inhibitory concentration effect of valnemulin against Staphylococcus aureus isolates from swine and chickens

Zhao

Zhou

et al. 2013

Lett Appl Microbiol

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Significance and Impact of the Study: In this study, valnemulin demonstrated prolonged postantibiotic effects and postantibiotic sub-MIC effects on strains of Staphylococcus aureus. The strains with identical MICs of valnemulin exhibited different PAEs and PA-SMEs. Staphylococcus aureus isolated from different species has little impact on the postantibiotic effect of valnemulin. The result suggests a longer dosing interval while formulating a daily administration dosage, and it may play a valuable role of valnemulin in treating Staph. aureus infections in animals. AbstractThe postantibiotic effect (PAE) and postantibiotic sub-minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) effect (PA-SME) of valnemulin against Staphylococcus aureus were investigated in vitro using a spectrophotometric technique and classic viable count method. A standard curve was constructed by regression analysis of the number of colonies and the corresponding optical density (OD) at 630 nm of the inoculum. After exposure to valnemulin at different concentrations for an hour, the antibiotic was removed by centrifuging and washing. The PA-SMEs were measured after initial exposure to valnemulin at 4 9 the MIC, and then, valnemulin was added to reach corresponding desired concentrations in the resuspended culture. Samples were collected hourly until the culture became turbid. The results were calculated by converting the OD values into the counts of bacteria in accordance with the curve. The MIC of valnemulin against eight strains was identically 0Á125 lg ml À1 . The mean PAEs were 2Á12 h (1 9 MIC) and 5Á06 h (4 9 MIC), and the mean PA-SMEs were 6Á85 h (0Á1 9 MIC), 9Á12 h (0Á2 9 MIC) and 10Á8 h (0Á3 9 MIC). The results showed that the strains with identical MICs exhibited different PAEs and PA-SMEs. Valnemulin produced prolonged PAE and PA-SME periods for Staph. aureus, supporting a longer dosing interval while formulating a daily administration dosage.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The PAEs and PA-SMEs have been studied extensively in different antibiotics not only in human medicine but in veterinary medicine (Bozkurt-Guzel and Gerceker 2012; Harada et al 2012). The spectrophotometric technique and classic viable count method were extensively applied in the determination of PAE.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postantibiotic effect and postantibiotic sub-minimum inhibitory concentration effect of valnemulin against Staphylococcus aureus isolates from swine and chickens

Zhao

Zhou

et al. 2013

Lett Appl Microbiol

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“…However, in the Harada et al . study, strains with higher MICs of orbifloxacin and enrofloxacin consistently showed shorter PAE and PASME when compared to those with lower MICs [17]. In another study, two strains of Staphylococcus aureus with the same MICs showed different PAE and PASME [20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…PAE and PASME have increasingly become the focus of investigations designed to determine the optimal dosage regimens for antimicrobial agents, and have been employed to evaluate the effect of sub-MIC of antibacterial agents on pathogens [16] , [17] , [18] , [19] . PAE and PASME are dependent on some factors, such as the concentration of the antibiotic, time of antibiotic exposure, and bacterial species [11] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Intracanal Irrigant MTAD Combined with Nisin at Sub-Minimum Inhibitory Concentration Levels on Enterococcus faecalis Growth and the Expression of Pathogenic Genes

et al. 2014

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Exposure to antibiotics is considered to be the major driver in the selection of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and may induce diverse biological responses in bacteria. MTAD is a common intracanal irrigant, but its bactericidal activity remains to be improved. Previous studies have indicated that the antimicrobial peptide nisin can significantly improve the bactericidal activity of MTAD against Enterococcus faecalis. However, the effects of MTAD and its modification at sub-minimum inhibitory concentration (sub-MIC) levels on Enterococcus faecalis growth and the expression of pathogenic genes still need to be explored. In this study, the results of post-antibiotic effects (PAE) and post-antibiotic sub-MIC effects (PASME) showed that MTADN (nisin in combination with MTAD) had the best post-antibiotic effect. E. faecalis after challenge with MTAD was less sensitive to alkaline solutions compared with MTAN (nisin in place of doxycycline in MTAD) and MTADN. E. faecalis induced with sub-MIC of MTAD generated resistance to the higher concentration, but induction of E. faecalis with MTAN did not cause resistance to higher concentrations. Furthermore, real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) showed that the stress caused by sub-MIC exposure to MTAD, MTAN, or MTADN resulted in up- or down-regulation of nine stress genes and four virulence-associated genes in E. faecalis and resulted in different stress states. These findings suggested that nisin improved the post-antibacterial effect of MTAD at sub-MIC levels and has considerable potential for use as a modification of MTAD.

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“…Antibiotics that exert PAE allow the use of lower antibiotic concentrations below the MIC for significant periods of time without risk of re-growth and consequently the administration of antibiotics in an intermittent dose (Carbone et al 2001). Postantibiotic sub-inhibitory concentration effect may play a role as well, and this effect was described for fluoroquinolones (Harada et al 2012). Differences in PAEs were also evident between bacterial strains of the same origin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Post-antibiotic effect of marbofloxacin, enrofloxacin and amoxicillin against selected respiratory pathogens of pigs

Nedbalcová¹,

Zouharová²,

Šperling³

2019

Vet. Med. - Czech

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The post-antibiotic effect is defined as the period of bacterial growth suppression that persists after a limited exposure of organisms to antimicrobials and knowledge of its duration is important in establishing and optimising current dosing schedules for the treatment of bacterial infections. The post-antibiotic effect of marbofloxacin, enrofloxacin and amoxicillin were evaluated in vitro for Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, Haemophilus parasuis and Pasteurella multocida strains which originated from clinical samples of diseased pigs and were confirmed as susceptible to all tested antimicrobials based on determination of minimal inhibitory concentrations. The post-antibiotic effect for individual antimicrobials was monitored at five and ten times minimum inhibitory concentrations for one and two hours. The duration of the post-antibiotic effect for tested antimicrobials was found to exhibit the following order for all tested pathogens: marbofloxacin > enrofloxacin > amoxicillin. The longest duration of post-antibiotic effect of all tested antimicrobials was found in A. pleuropneumoniae and the shortest post-antibiotic effect duration was detected in P. multocida. No statistical differences in post-antibiotic effect duration were found within marbofloxacin and enrofloxacin in A. pleuropneumoniae and H. parasuis strains. In P. multocida strains there was a statistically significant difference (P = 0.0189). On the other hand, the differences between amoxicillin and marbofloxacin or enrofloxacin were statistically significant in all cases (P-values ranged between 0.0058 and 0.008). The prolonged post-antibiotic effect of fluoroquinolones and amoxicillin on important Gram-negative swine pathogens was confirmed. The results can be used to clarify the effect and mechanism of action of antimicrobial drugs in veterinary medicine.

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Post-antibiotic effect of orbifloxacin against Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from dogs

Cited by 5 publications

References 9 publications

Postantibiotic effect and postantibiotic sub-minimum inhibitory concentration effect of valnemulin against Staphylococcus aureus isolates from swine and chickens

Postantibiotic effect and postantibiotic sub-minimum inhibitory concentration effect of valnemulin against Staphylococcus aureus isolates from swine and chickens

Effects of Intracanal Irrigant MTAD Combined with Nisin at Sub-Minimum Inhibitory Concentration Levels on Enterococcus faecalis Growth and the Expression of Pathogenic Genes

Post-antibiotic effect of marbofloxacin, enrofloxacin and amoxicillin against selected respiratory pathogens of pigs

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