Post-cervical artificial insemination in porcine: The technique that came to stay

García–Vázquez, Francisco Alberto; Mellagi, Ana Paula Gonçalves; Ulguim, Rafael da Rosa; Caravaca, Iván Hernández; Llamas-López, Pedro José; Bortolozzo, Fernando Pandolfo

doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2019.02.004

Cited by 29 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…detected in the testis and epididymis [33], but to the best of our knowledge, shedding of virus in ejaculated semen has not been determined before. Porcine semen contaminated with PCMV poses a risk for breeding herds because AI technology can lead to fast spread with various sow population and also huge loss of disease-free status tissues and organs used for xenotransplantation [34]. Single layer centrifugation (SLC) method is easier to use, with timesaving compared with density gradient centrifugation, which can be used to remove bacteria and viruses, which was proved can remove more than 99% of PCV2 from semen [35].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a TaqMan Based Real‐Time Fluorescent Quantitative PCR Assay for Detection of Porcine Cytomegalovirus in Semen

Chen

et al. 2020

BioMed Research International

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This study described a TaqMan based real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (qPCR) method to detect porcine cytomegalovirus (PCMV) infection, targeting the conserved region of the DNA polymerase (DPOL) gene. The standard curve showed a linear regression relationship with a coefficient of 0.999 and a slope of y = −3.249x + 38.958 corresponding to the amplification efficiency at 99.8%. The limit of the qPCR method was 51.9 copies/μl. The established qPCR method showed excellent specificity, with no cross-reaction observed with common porcine pathogens. The coefficient of variation for intra-assay and interassay variability ranged up to 1.51% and 2.24%, respectively. PCMV positive signals can be found in semen using this qPCR method, which suggested that we should pay more attention to PCMV contamination in semen in order to eliminate PCMV infection in artificial insemination and xenotransplantation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a TaqMan Based Real‐Time Fluorescent Quantitative PCR Assay for Detection of Porcine Cytomegalovirus in Semen

Chen

et al. 2020

BioMed Research International

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“…Thus, IDs with 1-2 billion sperm cells in a volume of 40-50 mL are used for IUAI (BORTOLOZZO et al, 2015;WABERSKI et al, 2019). The advantages of IUAI compared to CAI are reported to be the reduction in the number of sperm cells and the volume of IDs, allowing the production of a greater number of IDs per ejaculate and optimizing the use of boars of higher genetic index (WATSON & BEHAN, 2002;DALLANORA et al, 2004;HERNÁNDEZ-CARAVACA et al, 2012;GARCÍA-VÁZQUEZ et al, 2019b), shorter time to perform the insemination (MARTINEZ et al, 2002;WATSON & BEHAN, 2002), and a reduction in the costs of boar acquisition and maintenance (DIEHL et al, 2006). IUAI is consolidated and has been applied successfully to more than 90% of pluriparous sows (WATSON & BEHAN, 2002;DALLANORA et al, 2004;MEZALIRA et al, 2005;BENNEMANN et al, 2007), to approximately 86% of primiparous sows (SBARDELLA et al, 2014) and is widespread in the production systems for these categories.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite that, there are limitations to recommending IUAI in gilts, the most significant challenge being the difficulty of cannula insertion through the cervix (HERNÁNDEZ-CARAVACA et al, 2017;GARCÍA-VÁZQUEZ et al, 2019b). Thus, there is still a need to perform both AI techniques (CAI and IUAI) in the farm routine and to produce two semen dose sizes in the boar studs (BORTOLOZZO et al, 2015;GARCÍA-VÁZQUEZ et al, 2019b). Considering that gilts represent a significant number of animals in the breeding herd (BORTOLOZZO & WENTZ, 2006), the use of IUAI could consolidate advantages observed in pluriparous sows and allow standardization of the AI technique used on farms and the semen dose production in boar studs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…IUAI remains limited and nonrecommended for gilts (BORTOLOZZO et al, 2015;GARCÍA-VÁZQUEZ et al, 2019b), and few studies evaluating IUAI included gilts or primiparous sows. The explanation for this non-inclusion was based on the difficulty of cannula insertion through the cervix and occurrence of bleeding, which is higher in primiparous sows and gilts than in pluriparous sows (15-23% versus 0-10%) (DALLANORA et al, 2004;BENNEMANN et al, 2007;SBARDELLA et al, 2014;HERNÁNDEZ-CARAVACA et al, 2017;GARCÍA-VÁZQUEZ et al, 2019b). Additionally, when attempts at IUAI in gilts were made using a cannula for pluriparous sows, histological examination confirmed injuries to the cervical mucosa in most of the gilts (43/68) (BEHAN & WATSON, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the same study, no differences were observed in the reproductive performance when comparing IUAI (1.5 billion sperm cells in 45 mL) with CAI (3.0 billion sperm cells in 90 mL). Improvements over the years that have increased the success rate of IUAI in young females must be considered, such as the suggestion to remove contact with boars during IUAI to avoid the cervical contraction stimulation and its possible effect on the difficulty of cannula insertion (ULGUIM et al, 2018a); improvements in intrauterine cannulas (more flexible material); as well as greater experience by the operators (GARCÍA-VÁZQUEZ et al, 2019b). However, even with the knowledge of these factors and with the emergence of new intrauterine cannulas for gilts recently, there is still a necessity for additional studies to make the use of IUAI feasible in gilts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Perspectives of intrauterine artificial insemination applicability in gilts

et al. 2021

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The application of the intrauterine artificial insemination (IUAI) technique allows optimization of a swine production system due to the reductions in volume and number of sperm cells in the insemination dose, and by reducing the time taken to perform the insemination. However, IUAI is not recommended for gilts due to the difficulty of intrauterine cannula passage through the cervix. This difficulty is associated mainly with the fact that the reproductive tract is smaller in gilts than in pluriparous females. However, few studies have evaluated the application of IUAI in gilts. In these studies, there are variations in approach concerning the definition of the success rate for cannula passage through the cervix, the type of cannula and the body characteristics of the gilts used, making it difficult to extrapolate the recommendation for the use of IUAI in gilts. Considering the evidence that such characteristics influence or even determine the success of the application of IUAI, there is a necessity for an understanding of the influence of these factors in the improvement and later application of the technique. Gilts represent about 15-20% of the breeding group, and the use of IUAI could optimize the processes of insemination on farms. The approach used in this review highlights the aspects that could aid in structuring further studies for improving IUAI in gilts, allowing its use on commercial farms.

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Magnetic‐Assisted Control of Eggs and Embryos via Zona Pellucida‐Linked Nanoparticles

García‐Vázquez,

Garrappa,

Luongo

et al. 2024

Advanced Science

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Eggs and embryo manipulation is an important biotechnological challenge to enable positioning, entrapment, and selection of reproductive cells to advance into a new era of nature‐like assisted reproductive technologies. Oviductin (OVGP1) is an abundant protein in the oviduct that binds reversibly to the zona pellucida, an extracellular matrix that surrounds eggs and embryos. Here, the study reports a new method coupling OVGP1 to magnetic nanoparticles (NP) forming a complex (NPOv). NPOv specifically surrounds eggs and embryos in a reversible manner. Eggs/embryos bound to NPOv can be moved or retained when subjected to a magnetic force, and interestingly only mature‐competent eggs are attracted. This procedure is compatible with normal development following gametes function, in vitro fertilization, embryo development and resulting in the birth of healthy offspring. The results provide in vitro proof‐of‐concept that eggs and embryos can be precisely guided in the absence of physical contact by the use of magnets.

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Post-cervical artificial insemination in porcine: The technique that came to stay

Cited by 29 publications

References 67 publications

Development of a TaqMan Based Real‐Time Fluorescent Quantitative PCR Assay for Detection of Porcine Cytomegalovirus in Semen

Development of a TaqMan Based Real‐Time Fluorescent Quantitative PCR Assay for Detection of Porcine Cytomegalovirus in Semen

Perspectives of intrauterine artificial insemination applicability in gilts

Magnetic‐Assisted Control of Eggs and Embryos via Zona Pellucida‐Linked Nanoparticles

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