Post-COVID Consumer Spending in New York City

Wheat, Chris; Duguid, James

doi:10.2139/ssrn.4082144

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…The greater elevation in healthcare expenditures relative to overall spending is likely due to many factors like increased demand due to rising prevalence of illnesses like COVID-19, improved awareness, and access to health-care services by the population (Greig et al 2022). Spending patterns changed dramatically during the pandemic with increases in certain categories like groceries and home improvement, and big decreases in a variety of in-person services, including healthcare (Wheat et al 2021). Furthermore, it was noted that the price of medical services paid by consumers climbed by 12.2 percent in 2021, outpacing the price of overall commodities by 8.9 percent, influencing average healthcare spending.…”

Section: Health Spending In the Philippinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catastrophic Out-of-Pocket Expenditure on Health: Evidence from the Regions in the Philippines

Villanueva,

Aranas

2023

JHTD

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This study estimates Filipino’s catastrophic and impoverishing out-of-pocket (OOP) healthcare expenditures on a regional perspective to measure the effectiveness and progress of Philippines’ healthcare financing system in ensuring population protection from excessive and unequal healthcare costs. Observations are drawn from the most recent household-based survey in the Philippines, 2018 and 2021 Family Income and Expenditure Survey, and grouped by four major regions: National Capital Region, the rest of Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao region. From 2018 to 2021, results showed that the distribution of catastrophic OOP healthcare expenditures decreases while depth of these payments increases across the four major regions. The highest incidences of these catastrophic payments were found in the rest of Luzon and Visayas regions, while the highest intensities were found in Mindanao region. Despite medicines and pharmaceuticals products dominance on OOP healthcare expenditures, payment on inpatient medical services drives the catastrophic expenditures of households. Aside, deepening poverty caused by healthcare payments were more evident in households residing in Mindanao regions, thus exposing this Filipino families to financial risk and poverty threats. Logistic regression analysis showed that aging households head, employment, and socio-economic status are significant and common factors affecting the likelihood of incurring excessive health expenditures across the regions. The risk of catastrophic and impoverishing effects of healthcare expenditures persists in the country. Low levels of catastrophic OOP healthcare expenditures may indicate that disadvantaged households focused on spending on basic necessities and struggle to afford healthcare due to high costs amid COVID 19, leading to foregone treatment. Thus, continuous implementation of fair and innovative ways of financing the healthcare system to reduce the financial burden of OOP payments on Filipino households is recommended.

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Section: Health Spending In the Philippinesmentioning

confidence: 99%