Post‐exercise ketosis.

Koeslag, J. H.; Noakes, Timothy D.; Sloan, A. W.

doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1980.sp013190

Cited by 111 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…During periods of glucose deficiency, such as fasting or prolonged exercise, ketone bodies can play a key role in sparing glucose utilization [35]. In a study performed on post-exercise ketosis it was found that whilst training status had no effect on post exercise ketone levels, diet prior to exercise did [36]. High-CHO diets were shown to prevent the onset of post-exercise ketonaemia whilst low-CHO diets enhanced it.…”

Section: Nutrient Intake During the Eventmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Macronutrient Consumption Prior to, and during, a Mountain Marathon

Mahon¹,

Hackett²,

Stott³

et al. 2014

AJSS

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Participation in ultra-endurance events such as mountain marathons is increasing, yet analysis of the nutritional intake and requirements of this group of athletes have received relatively little attention. This field study examined athletes' food intake prior to, and during a mountain marathon event to assess compliance with recommendations and to identify associations with performance. Nineteen male athletes competing in the Longmynd Hike (LH) completed a 7-day food diary in the week prior to the event and a weighed food inventory of all items consumed during the event. Despite reported intentions to increase carbohydrate (CHO) consumption in the week prior to the event, there was no significant change in consumption across the week. The mean daily CHO intake of 4.5 g/kg/d was below that recommended to effectively enhance glycogen stores. CHO and energy consumption prior to the event were positively associated with performance [energy (kJ/kg/d): r = .56, p = 0.03; CHO (g/kg/d): r = .54, p = 0.04]. Energy and CHO consumption during the event were also positively correlated with performance [energy (kJ/kg/h): r = .80, p < 0.001; CHO (g/kg/h): r = .75, p = 0.001)], despite most participants again failing to meet recommendations for intake. Further research is needed to determine reasons for non-compliance with nutritional guidelines and to investigate to what extent type and timing of macronutrient intake during such events impacts on performance.

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Section: Nutrient Intake During the Eventmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High-CHO diets were shown to prevent the onset of post-exercise ketonaemia whilst low-CHO diets enhanced it. The highest post-exercise ketone levels (3.88 mmol/L) were recorded in marathon runners following a glycogen-stripping regimen [36].…”

Section: Nutrient Intake During the Eventmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macronutrient Consumption Prior to, and during, a Mountain Marathon

Mahon¹,

Hackett²,

Stott³

et al. 2014

AJSS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These procedures have previously been shown to induce the development of a marked post-exercise ketosis which reaches a plateau at about 2 h after the cessation of exercise (Koeslag, Noakes & Sloan, 1980;Koeslag, 1982;Koeslag et al 1982;Koeslag et al 1985).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beta‐adrenergic blockade restores glucose's antiketogenic activity after exercise in carbohydrate‐depleted athletes.

Adams

Irving

Koeslag

et al. 1987

The Journal of Physiology

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SUMMARY1. The development of post-exercise ketosis is not abolished by the ingestion of glucose immediately after exercise, despite inducing high insulin/glucagon ratios in the peripheral (and therefore by implication in the portal) blood.2. To investigate the possibility of autonomic control of the liver influencing its sensitivity to the major counter-regulatory hormones, we administered 50 g glucose, either on its own, or together with 0 5 mg prazosine, 40 mg propranolol, or 15 mg propantheline, to forty-seven 48 h carbohydrate-starved athletes who had just run 25 km.3. The blood 3-hydroxybutyrate concentration rose from 0 30 + 0 05 (mean + S.E. of mean) to 0-52 + 0-08 mmol/l with exercise, and then to 1-32 + 0-40 mmol/l at 6 h after exercise in subjects who had ingested only glucose after exercise.4. The effects of prazosine and propantheline on the blood ketone body concentration at 2 h after exercise was not statistically significant. Propranolol, on the other hand, significantly lowered the blood 3-hydroxybutyrate concentration (compared with controls) to 0 09+0 03 mmol/l at 3 h (P < 0-01), and 0-35 +0-08 mmol/l at 6 h (P < 0X01) after exercise.5. The plasma insulin, glucagon, glucose and free fatty acid concentrations were unaffected by propranolol, indicating that the antiketogenesis was the result of a direct effect on ketone body metabolism.6. Since /1-adrenergic blockade has not previously been shown to have antiketogenic activity, except in somatostatin-induced hyperketonaemia, it is concluded that its effectiveness in post-exercise ketosis can probably be ascribed to a functional hepatic insulin and glucagon deficiency.

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“…This allows continued β-oxidation and energy transport to extrahepatic tissue when acetyl-CoA accumulates beyond the capacity of the TCA cycle. Serum ketone concentrations rise from μmol/L basal levels to 1 to 2 mmol/L after intense exercise, 173 fasting, 174 or in response to a low carbohydrate diet. 175 The most abundant circulating ketone, β-hydroxybutyrate (βOHB), is regarded as the predominant source of energy during prolonged exercise or calorie restriction.…”

Section: Endogenous Hdac Inhibitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetics and Metabolism

Keating

El‐Osta

2015

Circulation Research

251

198

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715L iving organisms and individual cells manage environmental variations with rapid and stable alterations in gene expression. The key to this adaptive agency is the chromatin polymer, a dynamic constituent assembly of DNA and various nucleoproteins that spatially regulates transcriptional competency by structural adaptation and genome compartmentalization. Covalent epigenetic modification imparting functional modulation and structural chromatin reorganization that potentiate a wide range of adaptive phenotypes are increasingly examined in human health and disease. The immediate cellular environment provides the contextual determinants of epigenetic chromatin architecture. Evidence for the integration of subcellular, global, and external metabolic information into this intricate system of gene regulation has recently begun to emerge.Chromatin modification as a stable system of metabolic information can be observed at regulatory and coding elements of many genes implicated in metabolism. Postreplicative methylation of DNA predominantly at the 5-carbon ring of cytosine

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Post‐exercise ketosis.

Cited by 111 publications

References 12 publications

Macronutrient Consumption Prior to, and during, a Mountain Marathon

Macronutrient Consumption Prior to, and during, a Mountain Marathon

Beta‐adrenergic blockade restores glucose's antiketogenic activity after exercise in carbohydrate‐depleted athletes.

Epigenetics and Metabolism

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