Post‐fertilization effect of bilateral primary testicular damage induced by unilateral cryptorchidism in the rat model

Abstract

SUMMARYCryptorchidism, a common anomaly of the male genitalia, affects 2-4% of male infants. The post-fertilization effects of unilateral cryptorchidism model in the rat and the effects of antioxidant treatment were investigated. Six-week-old male Wistar rats were randomly separated into four groups. Unilateral cryptorchidism was induced in the right testis of three groups. One group was treated with saline intraperitoneally (i.p.) (Crypto), one group was treated with taurine (500 mg/kg, i.p.; Tau), and another group was treated with sivelestat (15 mg/kg i.p.; Siv). The control group was treated with saline i.p. The treatment was daily for 8 weeks. Five days before sacrifice, mating studies were performed. Body, testicular, and epididymal weights were recorded. Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in the seminal vesicular fluid (SVF) were measured. Testicular levels of MDA and 8-hydroxy-2 0 -deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) were determined bilaterally. TUNEL assay was used to examine DNA fragmentation bilaterally. Histological examination and the Johnsen score were used to evaluate morphological testicular alterations. The Crypto group demonstrated significantly lower right testicular and epididymal weights, significantly increased SVF-MDA levels, testicular MDA and 8-OHdG levels, and the apoptotic score bilaterally compared to the controls. Furthermore, histological evaluation revealed significantly reduced spermatogenesis and mild injury to the cryptorchid testes compared to the control. Treatment with both taurine and sivelestat significantly reduced SVF-MDA levels, testicular MDA, 8-OHdG, and apoptosis bilaterally compared to the Crypto group. Antioxidant treatment was unable to ameliorate spermatogenesis. Newborns delivered by females that mated with Crypto-males had significantly lower body weight compared with the respective animals from the control, Tau and Siv groups. The present study demonstrated that unilateral cryptorchidism-induced testicular damage can significantly affect the contralateral testis as well having further deleterious post-fertilization effect on the development of newborns. Treatment with antioxidants can partially improve the testicular damage bilaterally with beneficial effects for the newborns.

Ameliorative effect of taurine-chloramine in azathioprine-induced testicular damage; a deeper insight into the mechanism of protection

“…Therefore, changes in the seminiferous tubules, which were observed in the current histopathological study, may result from hormonal alterations induced by AZA and may not be a direct effect of the drug. Considering that normal spermatogenesis is adversely affected by increased oxidative stress and is promoted by increased endocrine activity in Leydig and Sertoli cells, it was not surprising that TAU was shown to protect spermatogenesis, decrease tubular atrophy and improve testicular and body weights [ 57 ]. This may be partly due to the reduction in oxidative stress indicators [ 17 , 18 ], apoptotic markers and improved testosterone levels observed in this study [ 58 ].…”

Protective Effect of Taurine on Thiopurine-Induced Testicular Atrophy in Male Albino Rats

“…Taurine supplementation, which is a free β-amino acid with remarkable antioxidant activity, for 6 weeks improved these changes significantly by improving the body and testicular weights [40] and increasing the levels of gonadotrophic hormones; testosterone, LH and FSH levels [21,22]. They stated that TAU increased the testosterone hormone release both in vivo and in vitro.…”

Oxidative Stress Alterations in the Bladder of a Short-period Type 2 Diabetes Rat Model: Antioxidant Treatment Can Be Beneficial for the Bladder

“…In order to determine the levels of diabetes-induced oxidative stress in the bladder tissue, the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) was measured as a representative and reliable marker for evaluation of lipid peroxidation (13). A commercially available kit was used (NWLSSTM Malondialdehyde Assay; Northwest Life Science Specialties, LLC, Vancouver, WA, USA), and the method was performed as previously described (14). The MDA concentrations were normalized by the protein content.…”