Post-modified biomass derived carbon materials for energy storage supercapacitors: a review

Abstract

A strategy to improve the performance of biochar materials for supercapacitors by preparation and modification methods.

Nanoporous Activated Carbon Material from Terminalia chebula Seed for Supercapacitor Application

“…Biomass-derived porous activated carbons are potential candidates as electrode materials of supercapacitors due to their excellent electrical conductivity and electrochemical stability accompanied by controllable specific surface area and micropore structures [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36]. However, the selection of the precursor is based on carbon content, cost, availability, and sustainability.…”

Oxygen-rich hierarchical porous carbon nanosheets derived from the KOH/KNO3 co-activation treatment of soybean straw for high-performance supercapacitors

“…Nevertheless, there are few works reporting the use of KNO 3 as a post-treatment reagent in the activation step to date to the best of our knowledge. [29][30][31] It can be reasonably predicted that the texture, heteroatom content, and the resulting relevant electrochemical performance of the obtained carbon materials will be greatly adjusted when employing KOH/KNO 3 as a co-activator instead of single KOH because of the potential oxidative doping, violent volume expansion and enhanced etching effect. Moreover, the addition of suitable KNO 3 to KOH as a co-activator does not require additional reaction steps or treatment process, and therefore it is simple, and meanwhile highly efficient, fully matching with the concept of green chemistry.…”

Xerogel-Derived Manganese Oxide/N-Doped Carbon as a Non-Precious Metal-Based Oxygen Reduction Reaction Catalyst in Microbial Fuel Cells for Energy Conversion Applications

“…Recently, exploring the renewable, low cost, wasted biomass as a substrate to synthesize the catalyst materials is gaining tremendous interest, due to the fact that the accumulation of biomass waste on the planet earth is increasingly becoming a serious problem [37,38]. Therefore, several researchers examined the possibility of using low-cost biomass waste from different sources to make carbon materials for several applications including the catalyst support for electrochemical reactions such as ORR and several other electrochemical applications [39][40][41][42][43][44][45]. Often, the carbon resulting from the pyrolysis of the biomass shows a high surface area, porosity, good graphitization, and balanced hydrophilic/hydrophobicity and electronic conductivity similar to the traditional carbons, which makes it a good place to add heteroatoms to boost the activity of the catalyst [43].…”