Post-settlement predation by sea stars and crabs on the sea scallop in the Mid-Atlantic Bight

Shank, BV; Hart, Deborah R.; Friedland, K. D.

doi:10.3354/meps09974

Cited by 18 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 62 publications

(71 reference statements)

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“…along the Southeast US (SEUS) continental shelf 29 , altered recruitment dynamics of Atlantic cod 30 , mediation of predation pressure on scallops throughout the Northeast US (NEUS) continental shelf 31 , and shifts in disease onset patterns in lobster 32 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Bottom marine heatwaves along the continental shelves of North America

et al. 2023

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Recently, there has been substantial effort to understand the fundamental characteristics of warm ocean temperature extremes—known as marine heatwaves (MHWs). However, MHW research has primarily focused on the surface signature of these events. While surface MHWs (SMHW) can have dramatic impacts on marine ecosystems, extreme warming along the seafloor can also have significant biological outcomes. In this study, we use a high-resolution (~8 km) ocean reanalysis to broadly assess bottom marine heatwaves (BMHW) along the continental shelves of North America. We find that BMHW intensity and duration varies strongly with bottom depth, with typical intensities ranging from ~0.5 °C–3 °C. Further, BMHWs can be more intense and persist longer than SMHWs. While BMHWs and SMHWs often co-occur, BMHWs can also exist without a SMHW. Deeper regions in which the mixed layer does not typically reach the seafloor exhibit less synchronicity between BMHWs and SMHWs.

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confidence: 99%

Bottom marine heatwaves along the continental shelves of North America

et al. 2023

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“…The major predators of sea scallops include sea stars, crabs, lobsters, and demersal fish species. The negative correlation between the density of the sea star Astropecten americanus , a predator of small invertebrates including juvenile scallops, and scallop recruitment in the MAB suggests that the top‐down forcing can strongly influence scallop density (Hart, 2006; Shank et al, 2012) and is an important factor determining the offshore boundary location of scallop habitats (Hart, 2006; Lowen et al, 2019). Given the increase of sea star density and the decrease of scallop recruitment with water depth of >75 m in the MAB (Hart, 2006), the potential seaward shift of habitats under warming can expose scallop populations to higher predation pressure, thereby causing the reduction in abundance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Scallop larvae may delay settlement for several days until suitable substrates are encountered (Culliney, 1974). Other factors, such as predation and fishing pressure, could also significantly affect scallop abundance (e.g., Hart, 2006; Shank et al, 2012). Thus, model‐based estimation of scallop distributions needs to include multiple biotic and abiotic factors that impact sea scallops at different life stages.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling Atlantic sea scallop (Placopecten magellanicus) scope for growth on the Northeast U.S. Shelf

Zang

Hart

et al. 2022

Fisheries Oceanography

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Atlantic sea scallops support one of the most valuable fisheries in the eastern United States. The scallop population is susceptible to climate‐related environmental stress. Assessing and projecting climate impacts rely on the fundamental understanding of scallop ecophysiology, including the influences of temperature and food supply on its energy balance and growth potential. In this study, we developed a scope for growth (SFG) model driven by high‐resolution hydrodynamic and biological models to assess the spatial and seasonal variability of scallop energy dynamics. The overall SFG on the Northeast U.S. Shelf is higher in May–June and lower in January–February, with substantial spatial heterogeneity. In the Mid‐Atlantic Bight (MAB), negative SFG occurs from July to October due to strong thermal stress. Particulate organic matter in detrital form is an important food source for scallops, with higher/lower contribution in the cold/warm seasons, respectively. Warming and food deficiency induce a noticeable contraction of suitable scallop habitats in the MAB, while their impacts on Georges Bank are insignificant. Known seasonal spawning patterns and observed growth rates in these regions match the patterns of SFG generated by the model. The sensitivity of SFG to the variations in food and temperature increases with scallop size. Large scallops are more likely to experience low or negative SFGs than smaller ones, implying that the habitats shrink as scallops grow older/bigger. This study provides key information about scallop growth potential and biogeography from the perspective of energy balance, thus helping the development of adaptive fisheries management strategies.

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