Post‐transplant malignant neoplasia associated with cyclosporine‐based immunotherapy: prevalence, risk factors and survival in feline renal transplant recipients

Abstract

The study objective was to compare the prevalence of malignant neoplasia in feline renal transplant recipients (n = 111) with a control population of cats that did not receive transplantation (n = 142); and to determine whether the development of post-transplant malignant neoplasia (PTMN) affects long-term survival. Twenty-five (22.5%) renal transplant recipients were diagnosed with PTMN, and of those 14 (56%) were diagnosed with lymphoma. The overall survival time in cats that developed PTMN following renal transplantation (median 646 days, IQR 433-1620 days) was not significantly different from the survival time in cats that did not develop PTMN (median 728 days, IQR 201-1942 days), although median survival after diagnosis of PTMN was only 13 days. Six control cats (4.2%) were diagnosed with malignant neoplasia. Compared to the control population, transplant cats had a 6.6 times higher odds of developing malignant neoplasia and a 6.7 times higher odds of developing lymphoma.

Felis Catus Gammaherpesvirus 1 DNAemia in Whole Blood from Therapeutically Immunosuppressed or Retrovirus-Infected Cats

“…Feline renal transplant recipients treated with cyclosporine face a similar increased risk of malignant neoplasia [ 25 ]. The most commonly reported cancer is lymphoma, with feline transplant recipients having 6.7 times higher odds of developing diffuse large B cell lymphoma compared to matched controls [ 33 , 34 ]. Whether a gammaherpesvirus is involved in the etiology of these lymphomas in cats, as it is in over 75% of PTLD in humans, is not yet clear [ 35 ].…”

Feline non-regenerative anemia: Diagnostic and treatment recommendations

“…80 Malignancy, most commonly lymphoma, has been reported in cats receiving long-term ciclosporin. 114,121,122 Cats receiving chronic ciclosporin therapy following renal transplantation are at six times higher risk of both developing a malignant tumor and of lymphoma. 122 ✜ Chlorambucil A limited number of cats with NRIMHA have responded to treatment with chlorambucil as an adjunct to glucocorticoid therapy.…”

Development of hepatocellular carcinoma after long-term immunosuppressive therapy including danazol in a dog

“…Second, immunosuppressive drugs themselves have oncogenic effects, such as a reduction in the ability for DNA repair, induced by cyclosporine [1, 8]. Although such reports are limited in veterinary medicine, a few studies have been reported, in which the incidence of development of malignant tumors, especially lymphoma, was increased by cyclosporine-based immunosuppressive therapy after renal transplantation in cats [16, 24, 25]. Although the relationship between administration of cyclosporine and development of HCC was reported in rats [11], it is not clear in humans, felines and canines.…”