Post-traumatic complex regional pain syndrome: clinical features and epidemiology

Abstract

SummaryComplex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) is a chronic pain condition that occurs after a tissue injury (fractures, sprain, surgery) of the upper or lower extremities. A clear pathophysiological mechanism has not been established yet and different patterns are considered to play a role in the genesis of the disease. The diagnosis is made by different diagnosis criteria and a gold standard has not been established yet. Incidence of CRPS is unclear and large prospective studies on the incidence and prevalence of CRPS are scarce. The aim of this review is to give an overview on the prevalent data regarding this chronic syndrome.

Neuromodulation of the Dorsal Root Ganglion for Chronic Postsurgical Pain

“…Complex regional pain syndrome, types I and II, the primary indication for DRG stimulation in the United States, has proven difficult to define and classify [63]. A poorly understood constellation of signs and symptoms, the initial journey of uncertainty surrounding nomenclature saw terms such as “angiospastic syndrome,” “algodystrophy,” and “shoulder-hand syndrome” come and go [64]. More recently, seemingly interchangeable terms such as “reflex sympathetic dystrophy” and “Sudek’s atrophy” have given way to more uniform terminology.…”

Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (Crps) Diagnosis : A Case Report

“…Kejadian berbahaya, termasuk trauma minor (seperti sprains, memar, trauma jaringan lunak, frosbite atau lesi pada kulit), frktur tulang atau pembedahan yang melibatkan ekstremitas dapat menyebabkan CRPS I. Kadang-kadang ini terjadi setelah beberapa kejadian seperti trauma bahu, infark myocard atau lesi pada CNS. Gambaran klinis dari CRPS I meliputi abnormalitas dari sensoris, autonomik, tropik dan motorik dan adanya gejala inflamasi (3). CRPS tipe II meluas ke arah distal ekstremitas diikuti dengan adanya trauma parsial pada lesi saraf perifer.…”

Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Caused by an Axillary Lipoma

“…Clinical diagnosis can be challenging as both types of CRPS follow a regional pain distribution rather than a dermatomal or peripheral nerve pattern [ 3 ]. CRPS is further subdivided into other subtypes of "warm" and "cold", and sympathetically maintained versus sympathetically independent, which may affect prognosis and treatment options [ 4 ].…”