Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: Identifying Potential Differences in Participant Response to CAPS-5 Life Events Checklist Questionnaire Based on Gender

Abstract

PTSD can develop immediately, or it can occur weeks, months and sometimes years after the potential traumatic event (PTE). In general, PTSD has been estimated to affect almost 1 in 3 people who have experienced a PTE. However, it is still not clear why some people develop the condition and others do not [7].

Sleep Disturbances and Chronic Pain as Potential Indicators for Therapeutic Intervention in Subjects with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

“…44.0 ± 7.5 (n = 21)). Furthermore, there was no difference in the CAPS-5 score by gender (46.3 ± 12.0 (n=17) vs. 43.6 ± 7.9 (n = 22), male vs. female, respectively); we have previously reported similar results [11].…”

“…Some individuals recover quickly however, in other cases, the condition may become chronic [9]. Across all types of PTEs, variables such as female gender, low socio-economic status, pre-existing mental illness, previous trauma exposure, lower intelligence and childhood adversity, consistently predict higher PTSD symptom levels [10,11]. Furthermore, sleep disturbances (SDs) and substance use have also been shown to augment PTSD symptoms [12][13][14][15].…”